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项目管理专业人士资格认证(PMP)题库(1459题)


第241题 一个非常关键的项目由于缺乏专业资源而处于危险之中。新任命的项目经理首先应该做什么? A highly critical project is in jeopardy due to missing professional resources. What should the newly assigned project manager do first?


A.在组织内寻找可用的专业人员来填补空白。 Find available professionals within the organization to fill the gaps.

B.拨出资金,物色外部专业人员以填补空缺。 Allocate funding for seeking external professionals to fill the gaps.

C.确定团队成员分工完成所需任务的可能性。 Determine the possibility for team members to split up the required tasks.

D.为缺少的专门知识的团队培训申请额外预算。 Request additional budget for team training for the missing expertise.


参考答案:A


解析:当一个关键项目由于缺少专业资源而处于危险之中时,新指派的项目经理应该采取的第一步是在组织内寻找可用的专业人员来填补空缺。这可能涉及从其他项目中重新分配资源,或在组织内确定具有必要技能和专业知识的个人。这将有助于最大限度地减少延误,并确保项目保持正轨。如果在组织内找不到必要的资源,项目经理可以考虑其他选项,例如为外部资源分配资金或为团队培训寻求额外预算。然而,首先确定内部资源的优先顺序很重要,因为这通常是最具成本效益和效率的解决方案。


第242题 某供应商告知项目经理一位关键资源将长时间休假。项目团队对该供应商待交付的可交付成果进行审查后发现了一个替代解决方案,但这会产生额外成本,该项目目前正按进度计划进行,预算略有富余。项目经理接下来该做什么?A vendor informed the project manager that a critical resource will be on a long leave of absence. The project team reviewed the pending vendor deliverables and identified an alternative solution, but the solution will incur an additional cost. The project is currently on schedule and slightly under budget. What should the project manager do next?


A.进行成本效益分析。Perform a cost-benefit analysis.

B.实施整体变更控制。Perform Integrated Change Control.

C.实施风险应对。Implement risk responses.

D.请求安排替代资源。Request a replacement resource.


参考答案:B


解析:《PMBOK》第6版113页,4.6-实施整体变更控制。“新的解决方案”能够解决“关键资源将长期休假”的问题,如果需要实施该解决方案,需要通过整体变更控制流程。至于解决方案所产生的额外成本是否可以被接受,是在对变更请求评估的过程中需要决策的内容,选项B正确。选项A,在对变更请求评估的过程中,不能只考虑成本效益分析。选项C,在情景中没有提及关键资源休假之前被识别为风险。即便是将其视为未知-未知风险,权变措施(解决方案)同样也是采用变更的方式来实施。选项D,情景中已经找到了对应解决方案。


第243题 由于某些活动发生迟延,其中一位项目团队成员在未获得任何批准的情况下扩大了范围。项目经理接下来该做什么?Due to delays on some activities,one of the project team members has increased the scope without any approval. What should the project manager do next?


A.评估对项目所做变更的影响。Evaluate the impacts of the changes that were made to the project.

B.用新范围更新项目文档。Update project documentation with the new scope.

C.删除这些变更,以符合最初需求。Remove the changes to match the original requirements.

D.增加项目团队成员,以避免屡次发生进度计划迟延的情况。Add team members to the project to avoid more schedule delays.


参考答案:A


解析:《PMBOK》第6版113页,4.6-实施整体变更控制。虽然在做规划阶段我们编制了详细的行动路线图-项目管理计划,并要求按照项目管理计划实施,但是在执行阶段,总会有成员有意或者无意的不按照计划实施。遇到这种情况,首先需要后补变更控制流程,因为科学管理需要将纸面上的计划和实际的执行情况相互匹配,才能够测量实施绩效,提出纠正方案,所以下选项A正确。选项B,虽然说科学管理需要计划与执行相互匹配,但是也不能直接团队成员擅自增加的范围直接纳入范围基准,而是必须要通过变更的方式。这是因为变更控制流程除了包含对变更请求的评估以外,还包含了针对变更情况与关键干系人之间的沟通知会。选项C,范围已经增加,是接受现状还是进行回退,要根据评估的结果来决策。选项D,针对团队成员的错误,应当强调变更管理的重要性,而不是替换团队成员。人是很难避免犯错的,需要从流程和程序上减少错误的发生。


第244题 一个中型资本项目共享了公司合同部的资源。在执行阶段,项目团队观察到合同的延迟。在与合同部门沟通后,项目经理发现合同团队正在优先处理其他承包工作,因为它们不是项目团队的一部分。在这种情况下,项目经理首先应该做什么? A mid-size capital project has shared resources from the company's contract department. During the execution phase, the project team observeda delay in contracting. After communicating withthe contract department, the project manager found the contract team is prioritizing other contracting jobs because they are not part of the project team. What should the project manager do first in this situation?


A.将问题报告给更高的管理层,并寻求他们的直接参与,以完成合同部门的工作。 Report the issue to higher management andseek their direct involvement to complete the job from the contract department.

B.安排与合同部门的会议,确认他们对项目的重要支持,以建立信任和承诺。 Arrange a meeting with the contract department to build trust and commitment by recognizing their critical support to the project.

C.安排与合同部门的几次会议,并要求他们承包项目,因为这对项目的成功至关重要。 Arrange several meetings with the contract department and ask them to contract the project as it is critical for project success.

D.与合同经理沟通,提交项目执行所需资源的预算。 Communicate with the contract manager tocommit a budget for the resources required for project execution.


参考答案:B


解析:考点:新考纲人员领域任务9:与干系人协作。构建信任,并影响干系人,以实现项目目标,选B。A选项错误,首先要与合同部门沟通,不选择直接上报的选项。C选项错误,“要求他们承包项目”过于强硬,而且合同部门不是项目团队的一部分,项目经理无权要求。D选项错误,与预算无关。


第245题 项目经理正在领导一个公司内部项目,该项目正处于早期阶段。该项目与一年前结束的另一个项目很相似,项目经理该做什么来分析涉及到的干系人?A project manager is leading an in-house company project in its very early stages, this current project is similar to another project that ended a year ago. What should the project manager do to analyze the involved stakeholders?


A.参照前一个项目的干系人登记册,因为它与当前的项目很相似。Refer to the stakeholder register from the previous project as it was similar to the current project.

B.降低干系人参与的优先级,因为干系人已经了解这种项目。Lower the priority of stakeholder engagement as the stakeholders already have knowledge of this kind of project.

C.将前一个项目的经验教训作为当前项目干系人登记册的指南。Use lessons learned from the previous project as a guide for the current project's stakeholder register.

D.在风险登记册中载明,当前项目的干系人可能与前一个项目不同。Document in the risk register that the current project may have different stakeholders than the previous project.


参考答案:C


解析:《PMBOK》第6版507页,13.1-识别干系人。项目虽然很相似,但是涉及到其中的干系人可能不相同,所以在编制干系人登记册时,不能照搬上一个项目的干系人登记册,而是将上一个项目中对干系人进行管理的经验教训作为编制当前项目干系人登记册的参考依据,因此选C而不选A。选项B,未经识别分析就做出结论,错误。选项D,没有提及干系人不同会对当前项目造成什么影响。


第246题 敏捷开发团队更改项目中的设计元素。在接下来的两次迭代中,测试结果会显著提高。在第三次迭代回顾中,产品负责人了解了原始设计的变更很不满意,并要求团队在原始设计的基础上重做工作。项目经理如何防止此类情况的发生? An agile development team changes a design element in a project. Testing results improve dramatically over the next two iterations. At the third iteration retrospective, the product owner is unhappy to learn about the change to the original design and asks the team to redo the work based on the original design. How can the project manager prevent such situations?


A.在基本规则中列出所有决策路径条件,并尽早纠正任何偏差。 Set out all decision path conditions in the ground rules and correct any deviations as early as possible.

B.由于缺乏与团队的合作,向产品负责人申请额外的资金用于返工。 Request additional funding from the product owner for re-work due to lack of collaboration with the team.

C.确保与产品负责人定期接触,并在必要时召开跟踪会议。 Ensure regular engagement with the product owner and run catch-up meetings if necessary.

D.作为仆人式的领导者,通过消除所有障碍来帮助团队集中注意力。 As servant leader, help the team to focus by removing all impediments.


参考答案:C


解析:PO对产品的范围拥有最终的权威。因此,在考虑范围变更或任何可能对范围产生影响的变更时,产品负责人的参与是至关重要的。


第247题 在项目执行过程中,一位关键干系人向项目经理投诉最近的沟通。该关键干系人解释说,项目团队的相关信息不完整且不及时。因此,关键干系人开始脱离项目。项目经理应该怎么做? During the execution of a project, a key stakeholder complains to the project manager about recent communications. The key stakeholder explains that the relevant information from the project team was incomplete and late. As a result, the key stakeholder is beginning to disengage from the project. What should the project manager do?


A.向主要干系人解释项目团队沟通信息的方式。 Explain to the key stakeholder the way in which the project team communicates information.

B.要求项目发起人与关键干系人举行会议,以确保干系人参与项目。 Ask the project sponsor to hold a meeting with the key stakeholder to ensure that the stakeholder is engaged in the project.

C.同时向所有主要干系人发送相关信息,以确保沟通一致。 Send relevant information to all key stakeholders simultaneously to ensure consistent communication.

D.更新沟通管理计划,以满足主要干系人对相关信息的期望。 Update the communications management plan to fulfill the key stakeholder's expectations about relevant information.


参考答案:D


解析:关键字“项目团队的相关信息不完整且不及时”,属于沟通问题,选D,更新沟通管理计划,并确保改进沟通,以满足干系人的期望。


第248题 一位项目经理刚刚被指派到一个有两个主要可交付物的项目。两个可交付物具有相同的优先级,并将同时交付。团队中的许多人都在抱怨缺乏关于哪一个可交付物需要首先完成的信息。项目经理应该怎么做? A project manager has just been appointed to a project that has two major deliverables. Both deliverables have the same level of priority and are to be delivered at the same time. The members of the team are complaining about the lack of information regarding which deliverable needs to be finished first. What should the project manager do?


A.由于难以同时执行两个可交付物,要求关键干系人取消项目。 Ask key stakeholders to cancel the project due to the difficulty of executing both deliverables at the same time.

B.要求团队首先开始处理最容易的可交付物,这样他们就可以获得执行第二个可交付物的经验。 Ask the team to start working on the easiest deliverable first so they gain experience to execute the second deliverable.

C.与项目发起人和主要干系人会面,评估每个可交付物对组织的价值,并设定执行优先级。 Meet with the project sponsor and key stakeholders to assess each deliverable's value to the organization and set execution priorities.

D.要求项目团队同时执行两个可交付物,因为这是项目章程要求和批准的。 Require that the project team execute both deliverables at the same time, since this was requested and approved in the project charter.


参考答案:C


解析:最佳选项是(C)。项目经理应了解每个可交付成果的商业价值,并与项目发起人和主要干系人协调优先事项,以确保项目符合组织的目标。这将有助于确保项目团队首先处理最重要的可交付成果。选项A错误,因为取消项目并不能解决问题,而且会浪费已经投入项目的资源和时间。选项B错误,因为基于完成的容易程度来决定首先开始哪一个交付物不是一个健全的决策过程,可能会对项目的结果产生负面影响。


第249题 某一项目的团队成员之间彼此已相识多年。一位新团队成员刚从海外归来,但似乎不能很好地融入团队,项目团队变得日益沮丧,因为这位新加入的团队成员在关键路径上工作进展缓慢,项目经理应该做什么?Team members on a project have known each other for years.A new member of the team has just moved from overseas,but does not seem to be fitting in well. The project team is becoming increasingly frustrated because the new team member has been slow to perform work on the critical path. What should the project manager do?


A.鼓励现有项目团队成员相互包容。Encourage the existing project team to practice inclusion.

B.策划一场团队建设活动,提高团队凝聚力和包容度。Plan a team-building event to promote team cohesion and inclusion.

C.重新审视团队沟通策略。Revisit the team communications strategy.

D.与新团队成员私下谈话。Speak with the new team member privately.


参考答案:B


解析:《PMBOK》第6版341页,9.4.2.4-团队建设。如果只是“不能很好地融入团队”,项目经理私下进行指导就可以解决,但是现在导致了更大的麻烦,“项目团队变得日益沮丧”,团队成员的情绪和状态都随之受到了影响。此时,最好的解决办法就是组织团队建设活动,在非正式的场合举行社交活动,增强团队成员的互动,改善团队氛围,进而提升团队绩效,所以这道题目选B而不选D。选项A,在规划资源管理时,可以通过创建基本规则来鼓励相互包容,但是现在已经暴露出问题,在影响到团队绩效表示时要及时加以干预。选项C,问题并不是由于沟通补偿所导致的。


第250题 在一个正在进行的项目中,一位关键资源向项目经理询问项目目的,并询问是否与组织的战略一致,项目经理应向该关键资源分享什么?During an ongoing project,a key resource asks the project manager about the project purpose and if it is aligned with the organization's strategy. What should the project manager share with the key resource?


A.更新的项目管理计划。The updated project management plan.

B.更新的沟通管理计划。The updated communications management plan.

C.更新的效益管理计划。The updated benefits management plan.

D.更新的范围管理计划。The updated scope management plan.


参考答案:C


解析:《PMBOK》第6版33页,1.2.6.2-项目效益管理计划。效益管理计划在近几期的考试中出现的频次较高,所以建议同学们再翻看一下PMBOK上对效益管理计划的解读。项目是组织战略落地的途径,那么如何知晓组织的战略目标是否在项目中得以实现?就需要明确项目所能获得的价值是什么,这些价值在什么时间得以体现,如何来验证价值,这些内容都需要在效益管理计划中明确。根据效益管理计划所获得的监测值,结合商业论证中终止退出的条款,来判断项目是否符合了组织的战略,必要时可能会启动终止条款来保障组织的利益,选项C正确。选项A,项目管理计划是项目实施的行动方案。选项B,沟通管理计划侧重于如何传递信息。选项D,范围管理计划对如何定义范围、创建WBS、确认范围、控制范围做了约定。


第251题 在某建筑项目的实施阶段,客户要求一个关键分包商提前交付一个工作包,该分包商尚未做好准备,请求项目经理增加预算。项目经理首先应该做什么?During the implementation phase of a construction project, the customer asked a key subcontractor to deliver a work package ahead of time. The subcontractor was not prepared for it and asked the project manager for additional budget. What should the project manager do first?


A.更新风险登记册和项目日志,并严格管理预算。Update the risk register and project log, and manage the budget closely.

B.请求上一级管理层增拨资金,并更新项目预算。Ask upper management for more funds, and update the project budget.

C.相应地修订项目范围,以应对预算变更。Revise the project scope accordingly to cope with the budget changes.

D.提交变更请求,以便按请求加速推进项目。Submit a change request to accelerate the project as requested.


参考答案:D


解析:《PMBOK》第6版113页,4.6-实施整体变更控制。“要求提前交付一个工作包”,该变更请求是否受理,会对当前项目造成什么样的影响,供应商要求增加预算的主张是否合理,都需要在整体变更控制流程中确定,选项D正确。选项A,并未提及该变更请求之前已被识别为一个风险事件,另外“严格管理预算”事实上已经直接否决了供应商的主张,过于武断。选项B,是否需要增加预算,增加多少,这些都要经过正确的评估。选项C,未经变更控制流程的决策既受理,错误。


第252题 项目经理与外部干系人会面,解释一个新项目的目标,并概述对该新项目的期望。其中一位关键干系人似乎支持该项目,但设定了条件,即必须为其他不相关的项目提供财务支持。鉴于文化敏感性,项目经理不愿为此对该关键干系人直言相告。结果,项目在未获该干系人支持的情况下无法继续开展,项目经理应该做什么?A project manager meets with external stakeholders to explain the objectives and outline expectations for a new project.A key stakeholder appears to support the project,with the condition that other unrelated projects will receive financial support.Due to cultural sensitivities,the project manager is reluctant to be direct with the key stakeholder on this matter.The project cannot proceed without the support of this stakeholder.What should the project manager do?


A.在不允许发生“范围蔓延”的前提下,继续开展项目。Proceed with the project without allowing scope creep to occur.

B.将情况告知发起人,并在干系人参与计划中记录该关键干系人的这一请求。Inform the sponsor and document the request in the stakeholder engagement plan.

C.取消该项目,因为该干系人的请求超出了范围。Cancel the project since the stakeholder's request is out of scope.

D.动用应急资金为所请求项目提供支持。Use the contingency funds to provide support for the requested projects.


参考答案:B


解析:《PMBOK》第6版3页,1.1.3-道德与专业行为规范和《PMBOK》第6版523页,13.3-管理干系人参与。“必须为其他不相关的项目提供财务支持”,涉及利益输送,违背了职业道德,这种行为是不能够支持的。但是项目经理未对干系人的诉求及时反馈,将会导致更严重的问题。因为项目经理的沉默会导致干系人认为项目经理已经认可了他的要求,比直言相告所引发的麻烦还要严重。所以,一方面,项目经理要遵守职业道德避免招致更严重的风险,例如法律风险,另外一方面,也要寻求发起人的协助对干系人不合理的诉求进行干预,选项B正确。选项A,项目已经因为干系人的阻挠无法推进。选项C,项目经理无权启动和取消项目。选项D,直接接受了干系人的诉求,错误。


第253题 一位项目经理被指派领导一个重要金融机构的软件项目,以节省开支。最初,项目的持续时间为13个月,但由于执行过程中的各种问题,项目延长至16个月。到第11个月,预期的节省额已超过,但该日期计划的所有功能并未实现。项目经理应如何告知干系人项目的进度? A project manager has been assigned to lead a software project to generate savings at an important financial institution. Initially, the duration of the project was 13 months, but due to various issues during execution, the project was extended to 16 months. By month 11, the expected savings were exceeded but not all of the functionalities planned for that date were fulfilled. How should the project manager inform the stakeholders of the project's progress?


A.报告该项目没有履行所有预期的功能。 Report that the project has not fulfilled all the expected functionalities.

B.在将项目进展通知发起人之前完成未完成的功能。 Complete the outstanding functionalities before informing the sponsor of the project progress.

C.就待处理功能的效益预期和行动计划进行沟通。 Communicate the benefit expectations and the action plan for the pending functionalities.

D.向所有相关干系人发送包含每月项目进度的电子邮件。 Send an email with the monthly project progress to all relevant stakeholders.


参考答案:C


解析:最佳选项是C,因为它涵盖了预期的收益以及未完成功能的行动计划,这对于获得干系人的认可和支持是很重要的。选项D只提到发送电子邮件,这可能不足以有效地传达项目进度,特别是如果存在需要解决的关键问题。选项A只关注消极方面,并没有强调项目已超出其节约目标的事实。


第254题 项目经理已被指派领导一个部署新系统的项目。干系人对项目的目标和方法意见不一。项目经理该做什么?A project manager has been assigned to lead a project to deploy a new system. The stakeholders disagree on the project objectives and approach.What should the project manager do?


A.分析这一情况,确定产生分歧的根本原因,然后与各干系人和参与的实体共同确定他们的确切角色和职责。Breakdown the situation to identify the root causes for the disagreement and then work with each stakeholder and participating entity on their exact roles and responsibilities.

B.根据项目章程创建一个角色和责任矩阵,并让发起人将该矩阵分享给所有干系人,以此彰显该矩阵具有可信的权威性。Create a roles and responsibilities matrix based on the project charter and ask the sponsor to share it with all stakeholders to provide credible authority.

C.与所有干系人举行全体大会,为他们每个人审查并拟定一份活动清单。Conduct a general meeting with all stakeholders and review and address a list of activities for each of them.

D.与项目团队举行范围研讨会,以创建工作分解结构(WBS),同时向各实体分配任务,将此情况告知所有干系人,并要求团队按计划完成任务。Conduct scoping workshops with the project team to create a work breakdown structure(WBS), assign tasks to various entities, share this with all stakeholders, and ask the team to complete their tasks as scheduled.


参考答案:A


解析:《PMBOK》第6版523页,13.3-管理干系人参与。“干系人对项目的目标和方法意见不一”,为什么无法达成一致,导致意见不统一的原因是什么?需要针对干系人进行分析,根据分析的结果来制定调动干系人参与的策略,选项A正确。选项B,项目章程中没有记录干系人的信息,所以以项目章程来编制责任分配矩阵无法实现。同时,将信息以不考虑权限的方式进行共享,属于沟通管理失当。选项C,开工会议上同步的应该是已经制定完成且获得通过的计划,不能将悬而未决的细节问题摆在开工会议上进行讨论。选项D,关于项目的目标尚未统一,对项目的范围管理更难以形成共识。


第255题 项目经理正在为一家大公司管理一个创新项目。项目经理计划将电子邮件用作主要的沟通渠道,但产品负责人更喜欢使用另一种经批准的沟通工具,而非电子邮件,项目经理该做什么?A project manager is managing an innovation project for a bg corporation The project manager is planning to use email as the main communication channel however.the product owner prefers to use another approved communication tool instead of email.lWhat should the project manager do?


A.根据产品负责人的偏好更新沟通管理计划,并将之发送给团队。Update the communications management plan based on the product owner's preferences and distribute to the team.

B.请求产品负责人使用电子邮件,因为使用另一种工具会增加工作负荷。Request the product owner to use email because using another tool will increase the workload.

C.建议团队开始使用产品负责人建议的沟通工具。Suggest to the team to start using the communication tool suggested by the product owner.

D.联系发起人,请求其就项目团队将使用的沟通工具作出指示。Contact the sponsor to request direction regarding the communication tool to be used by the project team.


参考答案:A


解析:《PMBOK》第6版377页,10.1.3.1-沟通管理计划。项目经理正在编制沟通管理计划,产品负责人所使用的工具也得到过正式的认可,可以在沟通管理计划中兼顾。如果使用,就需要在沟通管理计划中加以明确,选项A正确。选项B,电子邮件和产品负责人所使用的工具之间的效率对比并没有在情景中提及,所以以增加负荷为由加以否决并不客观公正。选项D,非重大决策,不要麻烦项目发起人。


第256题 一位项目经理正在从事一个大型IT项目。在对其中一个可交付物的评审过程中,干系人提出了对最终产品的担忧。项目经理首先应该做什么? A project manager is working on a large IT project. During a review for one of the deliverables, a stakeholder raised a concern about the final product. What should the project manager do first?


A.与项目团队会面,解释不合规的可交付物必须重新制作并立即提交,以避免项目延误。 Meet with the project team to explain that non compliant deliverables must be remade and immediately submitted to avoid project delays.

B.与团队讨论并审阅项目需求文件。 Discuss this with the team and review the project requirements documentation.

C.与发起人安排一次会议,讨论可交付物的细节。 Set up a meeting with the sponsor to discuss the details of the deliverable.

D.与团队讨论这个问题,并将干系人的担忧放在问题日志中。 Discuss this with the team and put the stakeholder's concern in the issue log.


参考答案:D


解析:选D,出现问题,先记录在问题日志,然后与团队一起讨论分析,再找出解决方案。


第257题 在迭代项目的执行阶段引入了会影响项目软件的强制性合规要求。团队意识到合规需求。项目经理下一步应该做什么? A mandatory compliance requirement that will impact the project software is introduced during the execution phase of an iterative project. The team is aware of the compliance requirement. What should the project manager do next?


A.用这个新要求更新产品待办事项列表项。 Update the product backlog item with this new requirement.

B.将项目影响的问题升级到项目发起人。 Escalate the issue of project impact to the project sponsor.

C.将项目影响的问题升级到产品负责人。 Escalate the issue of project impact to the product owner.

D.更新干系人登记册,以包括需求负责人。 Update the stakeholder register to include the requirement owner.


参考答案:C


解析:选项C是正确的答案。在迭代项目的执行阶段入强制性合规需求意味着项目需求已经改变,因此,产品待办事项需要更新以反映新的需求。产品负责人负责管理产品待办事项,并确保它符合所有必要的要求,包括新的合规性要求。项目经理应将项目影响问题上报给产品负责人,以便他们可以评估对产品待办事项的影响,并相应地确定工作的优先级。


第258题 经过一个广泛而竞争的采购过程,一家咨询公司最终被选定并承包了一个项目。项目执行几个月后,客户问项目经理,为什么顾问公司只签了18个月的合同,而不是32个月的完整项目。项目经理将需要进行计划外的第二次招标过程,以确保服务到位,直到项目结束。项目经理应该做些什么来防止这种情况的发生? A consultancy firm is finally selected and contracted for a project following an extensive and competitive procurement process. A few months into project execution, the client asks the project manager why the consultant is contracted for only 18 months instead of the full 32-month-long project. The project manager will need to carry out an unplanned second bidding process to ensure services are in place until the end of the project. What should the project manager have done to prevent this?


A.拟订一项详细的分阶段采购管理计划,包括所需的所有活动,并经客户核准。 Developed a detailed, phased procurement management plan including all activities required and had the client approve it.

B.将客户纳入与咨询公司的所有谈判阶段,以便在签署合同之前获得他们的提前批准。 Included the client in all negotiation phases with the consultancy to obtain their advanced approval before signing the contract.

C.第一个合同签署后的其余14个月内,与咨询公司拟订和谈判第二份合同。 Prepared and negotiated a second contract with the consultancy firm for the remaining 14 months after the first contract signature.

D.事先与客户商定报告项目内采购活动现况的频率。 Agreed beforehand with the client on the frequency of reporting on the status of the procurement activities within the project.


参考答案:A


解析:选项A是最好的方法,因为制定详细的分阶段采购管理计划,包括所需的所有活动并得到客户的批准,有助于确保双方意见一致,并且没有误解或计划外事件。这也有助于设定切合实际的期望,并将采购过程中的风险降至最低。


第259题 在审视原型时,质量团队发现了一些偏差,虽然它们不会影响主要功能,但却有可能在未来成为问题,为了避免未来发生重大问题,该团队建议采取纠正措施,但需要额外资金,该项目已经预算紧张,甚至已经动用了应急储备。项目经理应该做什么?While reviewing prototypes, the quality team found some deviations that do not affect the main functionality but have the potential to be an issue in the future. To avoid major problems in the future, the team recommends corrective actions that will require additional funds. The project is already struggling to stay on budget and has even used some of the contingency reserve. What should the project manager do?


A.向项目发起人报告,该产品工作正常,但该项目预算紧张。Report to the project sponsor that the product is working and the project is struggling with the budget.

B.让质量团队弃用该样品,转而用新样品进行测试。Ask the quality team to discard the sample and test again with a new sample.

C.询问产品设计师为何在设计阶段未将该偏差考虑在内。Ask the product designer why the deviation was not considered in the design phase.

D.与干系人共同评估和启动变更请求流程。Evaluate and initiate the change request process with the stakeholders.


参考答案:D


解析:PM 应该采取行动避免未来的问题。如果出现了必要的变更需求,就需要启动整体变更流程,题目明确来说需要额外的预算来解决这一问题,所以选D。选项A,未来再次出现这类问题将不会得到解决。选项B,丢弃当前样本也不会解决未来的问题。选项C,强调产品设计师的错误并不能解决问题。


第260题 项目经理被分配到一个重大的建设项目。这个项目对城市居民来说至关重要,尤其是对当地政府官员来说,因为他曾在竞选时承诺按时完成这个项目。一个新的项目发起人已经被指派,并希望项目范围包括以前的项目发起人不支持的方面。项目经理下一步应该做什么? A project manager is assigned to a major construction project. The project is critical to the city's population, and especially to the local government official who committed to delivering the project on time as an election promise. A new project sponsor has been assigned and wants to include aspects that the previous project sponsor did not support. What should the project manager do next?


A.与新的项目发起人会面,审查当前项目范围和要求的变更。 Meet with the new project sponsor to review the current project scope and the requested changes.

B.重新确定项目基准,因为现在有了一个新的项目发起人,这提供了审查和重新调整项目目标的机会。 Rebase line the project as there is now a new project sponsor, which is presenting an opportunity to review and recalibrate the project objectives.

C.邀请项目发起人与项目团队一起参加简报会,展示进展情况,并寻求进一步的支持,以满足项目承诺的可交付物。 Invite the project sponsor to a briefing with the project team to demonstrate progress and seek further support to meet project-committed deliverables.

D.通知新项目发起人,新方面将不包括在本项目中。 Inform the new project sponsor that the new aspects will not be included in this project.


参考答案:A


解析:选A,项目经理应主动安排与新项目发起人的会议,以审查当前项目范围和要求的变更。这将使项目经理充分了解新发起人的目标,并确定对项目的潜在影响。根据新发起人的目标,项目经理可以评估将新方面纳入项目的可行性,并对项目计划进行必要的调整。项目经理必须保持开放的沟通,并确保所有干系人在项目目标和范围上保持一致。


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