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项目管理专业人士资格认证(PMP)题库(1459题)


第521题 在对某国际公司进行文档审计期间,审计人员发现,最新版本的项目进度计划还是一个月前的版本,尽管项目经理知道项目进度计划最近已经更新,项目经理本应如何处理项目文档?During a documentation audit of an international company,it was identified that the last version of the project schedule was from one month ago even though the project manager knew it was recently updated.How should the project manager have handled documentation for the project?


A.将文档存入项目管理信息系统(PMIS),并与适当的相关方分享。Kept documentation in the project management information system (PMIS),and shared it with appropriate stakeholders.

B.查阅风险登记册,以确定审计的应对计划。Reviewed the risk register to identify a response plan for the audit.

C.指派一名项目团队成员,以确保所有项目文档都得到更新。Assigned a project team member to ensure all project documentation was updated.

D.定期更新项目管理计划,并以安全的方式将之分享给所有相关方。Updated the project management plan regularly and had it securely shared with all stakeholders.


参考答案:A


解析:《PMBOK》第6版388页,10.3-监督沟通。审计人员发现了文档未做到及时的更新,要针对审计的结果尽快做出响应,将文档上传至具有文件文档存储能力的项目信息管理系统,即PMIS。同时,在控制文档的查阅权限时,要根据沟通管理计划进行对应的设置,A选项正确。选项B,场景描述中没有提及文档未及时更新之前被识别为一项风险,所以现在它属于问题,记录在问题日志,进行后续的跟踪解决。选项C,项目的进度计划不仅仅是更新的问题,还涉及向关键的相关方进行同步,且在项目经理手里的进度计划已经是最新版。选项D,分享给所有的相关方就错了,对于信息的获取存在着权限差异。


第522题 项目团队为客户安装软件将知识传递给运营,发送最终报告,并庆祝。一周后,客户发来一份尚未满足的要求清单。客户要求在最初的预算范围内迅速解决问题。项目经理应该做些什么来防止这种情况发生?
A project team has installed software for the client, passed the knowledge to operations, sent the final report, and celebrated. Then 1 week later, the client sends a list of requirements that have not been met. The client is requesting to fix the issues quickly and within the initial budget. What should the project manager have done to prevent this from happening?


A.审阅验收标准并获得客户批准。 Reviewed the acceptance criteria and obtained client approval.

B.为发布后的任何改进分配风险预算。 Allocated a risk budget for any post-release improvements.

C.进行了一个试点,以了解客户的性能参数。 Conducted a pilot to understand the client’s performance parameters.

D.在整个项目阶段与客户建立会议。 Established meetings with the client throughout the project phases.


参考答案:A


解析:选A,客户在交接之后发来一份尚未满足的要求清单,为了避免这种情况,项目经理应该就验收标准与客户达成一致,这样可以确保客户清楚地了解哪些功能和需求在项目完成后可以预期实现。


第523题 为了对一个新项目(该项目与去年实施的一个项目非常相似)进行估算成本,项目经理与来自先前项目的专家组开会,该专家组采用的是三点估算技术,项目经理将估算的预算提交至项目发起人,以待审批,项目发起人是公司的新人,他/她忧心忡忡,因为预算超出了预期。项目经理应该做什么?To estimate the costs of a new project that is similar to a project that was implemented last year, the project manager meet with a group of experts from the previous project. The group uses a three point estimating technique. The project manager submits the estimated budget to the project sponsor for approval. The project sponsor, who is new to the company, is concerned because the budget exceeded their expectations. What should the project manager do?


A.运用软技能说服项目发起人批准该新的预算估算。Use soft skills to convince the project sponsor to approve the new budget estimate.

B.回顾去年项目的历史信息和经验教训,以证明新预算估算的合理性。Review the historical information and lessons learned from last year's project to justify the new budget estimate.

C.将预算方法改成更准确、自下而上的成本估算。Change the budgeting technique to a more accurate, bottom-up cost estimation.

D.审视组织流程评估,以确定是否在预算估算中考虑了应急储备。 Review the organizational process assessment to determine if a contingency reserve was considered in the budget estimate.


参考答案:B


解析:通过提供此上下文,项目经理可以帮助项目发起人了解估算成本的基础以及它们可能高于最初预期的原因。这种方法不仅支持估算过程的可信度,而且有助于项目发起人就项目预算做出明智的决策。虽然可以考虑其他选项,但第一步应该是根据历史信息提供明确的理由。


第524题 当客户到达项目现场时,他们发现他们的一个需求没有得到满足。项目客户怒不可遏。项目经理该怎么做?
A project's customer is furious. When the customer arrived at the project site, they discovered that one of their requirements was not met. Whatshould the project manager do?


A.参考需求跟踪矩阵,分析需求。 Refer to the requirements traceability matrixand analyze the requirement.

B.分析收益管理计划并实施所需的变更。 Analyze the benefits management plan and implement the needed change.

C.与客户咨询范围管理计划,了解差距。 Consult the scope management plan with thecustomer to understand the gap.

D.与客户讨论并同意实施缺失的需求。 Discuss and agree with the customer to implement the missing requirement.


参考答案:A


解析:当客户发现他们的一个需求没有得到满足时,项目经理应该首先参考需求跟踪矩阵(RTM),并分析有问题的需求。RTM是一个文档,它将每个需求映射到其来源,并在整个项目生命周期中跟踪它。通过与客户审查RTM,项目经理可以确保他们对商定的内容和未商定的内容有共同的理解。如果需求没有明确定义或遗漏,项目经理应与客户一起澄清需求并确定最佳行动方案。选项B,分析收益管理计划没有直接解决缺失需求的问题。选项C,范围管理计划只是指导如何管理和控制项目的范围,RTM应是第一个需要审查以了解需求的文件。选项D,与客户讨论并同意实施缺失的需求为时过早。项目经理应首先了解需求差距,然后评估分析,再制定计划与客户一起解决。


第525题 推出新财务系统的工作已经进入执行阶段。但上月出现的很多问题正在拖慢项目的进展。一位新项目发起人最近刚刚进入公司,但还没有时间与项目经理见面。在项目现在所处阶段,这些问题正在对项目的交付产生严重影响。项目经理该如何就这些顾虑向该新项目发起人发出提醒?The rollout of a new finance system is-in the execution phase.A number of issues have surfaced in the last month that are slowing the project down.A new project sponsor has recently started with the company but has not had time to meet the project manager.The project is at the point where the issues are significantly impacting delivery of the project. How should the project manager alert the new project sponsor about these concerns?


A.完成风险分析,概述各种迟延和影响,并通过电子邮件发送风险登记册的副本,督促项目发起人采取应对措施。Complete a risk analysis outlining the delays and impacts,and email a copy of the risk register,urging the project sponsor to respond.

B.向项目发起人发送电子邮件,总结项目状态和主要顾虑,并请求立即与其当面会晤,讨论这些事项。Send an email to the project sponsor summarizing the project status and key concerns,and request an immediate face-to-face meeting to discuss them.

C.向项目发起人发送电子邮件,邀请其参加项目团队的所有每周例会,并希望发起人安排时间与会。Send an email invitation to the project sponsor to attend all of the project team's weekly meetings,and hope the sponsor will find time to attend.

D.继续通过电子邮件发送最新的项目状态报告,重点说明主要风险和问题,并等待项目发起人提出会议请求。Continue emailing updated project status reports highlighting the key risks and issues,and wait for the project sponsor to request a meeting.


参考答案:B


解析:《PMBOK》第6版112页,4.5.3.1-工作绩效报告。涉及项目的状态信息,通常分为三个层级,工作绩效数据,这是通过执行所获得的原始记录。在工作绩效数据的基础上,经过分析阐述汇总,形成在项目组层级上使用的工作绩效信息,阐明涉及项目绩效的具体事项。但是如果向关键相关方进行传递的话,工作绩效信息的事无巨细会对沟通造成障碍,会导致关键相关方迷失对项目执行状况的宏观认知,同时还可能错失关键决策点。因此,在向关键相关方传递有关项目执行的状态信息时,要在工作绩效信息的基础上进一步的概括,列出项目的主要状态和需要关键相关方进行决策的重要事项,因此B选项正确。选项A,向发起人提供的应该是风险报告,而不是风险登记册。选项C,团队层级的每周例会上讨论的事项对发起人来说过于琐碎。选项D,被动等待发起人的召见,缺乏对相关方的主动管理,容易错失对风险进行干预的时间窗口。


第526题 A项目小组已订立采购车辆和建筑服务的合同。在项目执行过程中,项目团队得知车辆供应商无法交付车辆。没有足够的时间在不耽误项目的情况下找到新的供应商。项目经理应该采取什么行动来采购车辆?
A project team has established contracts for purchasing vehicles and construction services. In the middle of project execution, the team learns that the vehicle supplier cannot deliver the vehicles. There is not enough time to find a new supplier without delaying the project. Which action should the project manager take to procure the vehicles?


A.要求技术团队修改需求,即使这需要额外的预算。 Ask the technical team to revise the requirements, even if it requires extra budget.

B.安排与客户的会议,要求额外的时间寻找新的供应商 Arrange a meeting with the client to request additional time to find a new supplier.

C.审查现有的服务合约,寻找协助采购车辆的方案。 Review the existing service contracts to find an option to help procure the vehicles.

D.从其他供应商采购车辆,并将变更报告给变更控制委员会。 Procure the vehicles from another supplier and report the change to the change control board (CCB) later.


参考答案:C


解析:选C,项目经理应审查现有服务合同,以找到帮助采购车辆的选项,这将有助于避免项目延误。如果现有合同中有允许替代采购或应急措施的条款,项目经理应探讨这些选项。选项D可能是解决方案之一,但是应该在C之后。在这种情况下,其他选项(如修改要求或要求客户提供额外时间)可能不可行或不实用。


第527题 一位项目经理被指派负责一个新项目,即在年底前交付一款产品。供应商告知项目经理,一个核心组件无法按时发货,这将对进度即刻产生影响。项目经理接下来应该采取哪些措施来最大程度地减轻对项目的影响?A project manager is assigned to a new project to deliver a product at the end of the year.The project manager was informed by the vendor that a core component could not be shipped on time,which will impact the schedule.What should project manager to do next to minimize the project?


A.查阅并更新问题日志,并确定是否可以提供任何备选组件。Review and update the issue log and determine if any alternative components can be offered.

B.安排与所有相关方开会,以延长项目期限。Schedule a meeting with all stakeholders to extend the project deadline.

C.更换该供应商,以能够按时提供该组件的新供应商取而代之。Replace the vendor with a new vendor who can offer the component on time.

D.在下次状态评估时增加评估事项,让相关方注意到该供应商的问题。Add an item to the next status review to make stakeholders aware of the vendor issue.


参考答案:A


解析:《PMBOK》第6版96页,4.3.3.3-问题日志。“一个核心组件无法按时发货”,是一个明确发生了的问题,对于问题,要首先记录到问题日志,避免遗漏,便于跟踪解决。然后,展开对问题的分析,编制针对问题的解决方案,如果可行,通过变更的方式实施,选项A正确。选项B,未经评估就告知相关方,会招致相关方对项目经理管理能力的质疑。选项C,采用新的供应商供货,属于备选的解决方案。是否采用,要经过正式的评估和决策。选项D,如果只是让相关方知会,不解决问题,如果需要让相关方参与到备选方案的挑选和决策,需要在状态报告中明确指出。


第528题 项目经理领导着一个由不同知识和经验水平的成员组成的项目团队。有些人是专家,有些人经验不足一年。项目进度得到了指导委员会的批准。项目经理应该做什么?
A project manager is leading a project team composed of members with varying levels of knowledge and experience. Some are experts and some have less than 1 year of experience. The project schedule was approved by the steering committee. What should the project manager do?


A.要求经验较少的成员完全按照经验丰富的成员的指示执行任务。 Ask the less-experienced members to perform tasks exactly as they are instructed by the experienced members.

B.要求每个有经验的成员成为一个经验较少的成员的导师。 Ask each experienced member to be the mentor to one of the less-experienced members.

C.要求经验丰富的成员审查所有由经验较少的成员完成的任务。 Ask the more experienced members to review all of the tasks performed by the less-experienced members.

D.要求资源经理用更有经验的团队成员替换经验较少的成员。 Ask the resource manager to replace the less-experienced members with more experienced team members.


参考答案:B


解析:最佳选项是B,“让每个经验丰富的成员成为一个经验不足的成员的导师。”这种方法可以让经验不足的会员从项目中有知识和经验的人那里获得指导和支持,并有助于建立团队士气,鼓励知识共享。其他选项可能会导致绩效不佳、动力下降和士气下降。


第529题 项目经理难以使项目需求获批,因为项目相关方之间存在意见分歧,这一问题正导致项目进度计划面临风险。项目经理首先该做什么来促使项目需求获批?The project manager is having difficulty obtaining approval of the project requirements because there is disagreement among the project stakeholders. This issue is putting the project schedule at risk. What should the project manager do first to facilitate the approval of project requirements?


A.进行相关方分析。Perform a stakeholder analysis.

B.识别分歧的缘由。Identify the source of the disagreement.

C.举办团队建设活动。Hold a team-building event.

D.查阅项目章程。Review the project charter.


参考答案:A


解析:《PMBOK》第6版512页,13.1.2.4-相关方分析。“相关方之间存在意见分歧”,是什么导致了分歧,能否针对导致分歧的根源进行引导,这都需要首先对相关方展开分析,了解相关方关于项目存在哪些期望和需求,选项A正确。选项B,识别导致分歧的缘由属于相关方分析的一部分。选项C,团队建设活动针对团队成员,相关方从隶属关系上不归项目经理管辖,所以团队建设活动对其不适用。选项D,项目章程不涉及如何相关方进行管理。


第530题 项目团队外部的主题专家 (SME)提出了节省项目交付时间的建议。该SME有时间支持该项目,但没有计划参与当前的敏捷迭代。项目经理应该怎么做?
A subject matter expert (SME) external to the project team provides a suggestion that will save the project delivery time. This SME has available time to support the project, but was not planned to be involved in the current agile iteration. What should the project manager do?


A.立即让SME参与,稍后再讨论有关影响。 Bring the SME on board immediately and discuss the implications later.

B.要求现有的团队成员与SME合作,完成活动。 Ask the existing team members to collaborate with the SME and complete the activity.

C.要求SME完成所有必要的变更,这将节省时间。 Ask the SME to complete all of the necessary changes, which will save time.

D.指示团队成员忽略SME的变更,因为它们不是计划的。 Direct the team member to ignore the SME's changes as they were not planned.


参考答案:A


解析:最佳选项是A,主题专家拥有有价值的知识和专业知识,可以潜在地使项目受益,项目经理应该利用这个机会。让主题专家参与进来,并让他们立即加入,可以帮助项目团队取得进展,并按时交付项目。然而,项目经理还应该与团队和干系人讨论此更改的影响。选B和C都没有遵守变更流程。选项D忽略主题专家的建议是不明智的,因为这可能会给项目带来重大利益和改善。


第531题 某公司开始实施Scrum。在第一个冲刺中途,沟通问题开始浮现。有些项目团队成员与其他团队成员步调不一致,出现此沟通差距的原因是什么?A company starts implementing Scrum.About halfway through the first sprint. communication issues develop.Some project team members are not in sync with other team members. What is the cause for this communication gap?


A.尚未制定沟通管理计划。The communications management plan has not been developed.

B.尚未更新项目状态仪表盘。The project status dashboard has not been updated.

C.未举行或强制召开每日站会。Daily stand-up meetings were not held or enforced.

D.尚未更新项目冲刺板。The project sprint board has not been updated.


参考答案:C


解析:《敏捷实践指南》53页,5.2.4-每日站会。在每日站会上,Scrum团队的成员要轮流介绍:1.我昨天做了什么,2.我今天计划做什么,3.我目前遇到了哪些障碍。参加站会的成员借机可以了解到其他团队成员的进展。因此,若“有些团队成员与其他团队成员步调不一致”,很有可能是未能利用好每日站会这个仪式,甚至压根就没有参加,选项C正确。选项A,在敏捷实践中,采用信息发射源来代替预先制定的沟通管理计划。选项B,项目状态仪表板是对项目执行状态(绩效)的图表化展示形式,很少会涉及到具体的团队成员的步调。选项D,某些团队成员的步调不一致,并非所有成员的步调都出现了问题,所以信息发射源出现错误的可能性不大。


第532题 A项目目前处于执行阶段。由于项目的复杂性和涉及的大量监管要求,项目经理决定与高级行政人员举行管理评审,以确保项目可交付物的成功实施。在管理评审过程中,项目经理应该评审哪些内容,以确保会议的有效性? A project is currently in the execution phase. Because of the complexity of the project and the large number of regulatory requirements involved, the project manager decides to hold a management review with senior executives to ensure the successful implementation of project deliverables. What should the project manager review during the management review to ensure the meeting is effective?


A.表现良好的可交付物和需要更多工作的成果。 The deliverables that are performing well and those that need more work.

B.客观反映可交付物状况的度量标准和关键绩效指标(KPI)。 Metrics and key performance indicators (KPIs) that objectively reflect the status of deliverables.

C.项目战略的潜在变更和高级行政人员的反馈。 Potential changes to the project's strategy and the feedback from senior executives.

D.根据项目发起人的指示专门为会议编写的专门报告。 Specialized reports created specifically for the meeting as per directions from the project sponsor.


参考答案:B


解析:相对来说B最佳,项目经理应在管理评审期间审查客观反映可交付成果(选项B)状态的指标和关键绩效指标(KP),以确保会议有效。这使高级管理人员能够看到项目的进展,并确定是否需要对项目战略进行任何更改。


第533题 一位项目经理接受指派,负责将一个新解决方案同时部署到位于不同国家/地区的分支机构。各个国家/地区的部署团队将整合并部署该解决方案。项目经理发现,这些部署团队均遇到类似的问题。但各个团队都是各自为战地应对这些问题。项目经理该做什么来确保这些团队之间加强协作?A project manager is appointed to simultaneously deploy a new solution to branches located in different countries.Deployment teams in each country will integrate and deploy the solution.The project manager discovers that the deployment teams each encounter similar issues.However,each team addresses the issues separately.What should the project manager do to help ensure more collaboration between the teams?


A.让各部署团队提供非常详细的进度计划和行动计划。Ask each deployment team to provide a very detailed schedule and action plan.

B.让项目发起人为部署团队委派新经理。Ask the project sponsor to appoint new managers for the deployment teams.

C.安排由所有部署团队参加的例会,探讨问题和解决方案。Organize regular meetings with all of the deployment teams to share issues and solutions.

D.建议其中的一些团队推迟在所在国家地区开展部署工作。Propose that some of the teams delay deployments in their countries.


参考答案:C


解析:《PMBOK》第6版379页,10.2-管理沟通和《PMBOK》第6版98页,4.4-管理项目知识。各个团队均遇到了类似的问题,但是却各自为战,重复的投入资源解决同一个问题,将严重影响项目所能获得的价值。因此,要想解决信息的孤岛,就需要建立起各个团队之间就相同问题的沟通渠道,互通有无,积累知识,减少无谓的投入,选项C正确。选项A,各团队只是将报告提交到了项目经理,团队之间的沟通渠道仍然没有搭建起来,而且编制详细的计划和解决方案,加大了成本投入,项目的收益状况愈加恶化。选项B,并未出现部署团队负责人无法胜任的问题,相反,这些负责人均找出了不同的应对办法。选项D,属于因噎废食,各个团队都拥有自己的解决方案,现在是需要就各个团队的解决方案进行整理,形成统一的解决方案,简化处理流程,提升项目收益。


第534题 一位高度参与项目的关键干系人声称,项目团队发送的报告不充分。项目经理首先应该做什么?
A key stakeholder who is highly involved in the project claims that the reports sent by the project team are inadequate. What should the project manager do first?


A.要求项目团队审查和修改所有这些报告。 Ask the project team to review and modify all of these reports.

B.请发起人与干系人会面,通过报告来传播情况。 Ask the sponsor to meet with the stakeholder to diffuse the situation with the reports.

C.向干系人解释这些是经批准的报告模板。 Explain to the stakeholder that these are the approved templates for the reports.

D.确保报告符合沟通管理计划 Ensure that the reports comply with the communications management plan.


参考答案:D


解析:选D,项目经理的第一步应该是确保报告符合沟通管理计划。这将有助于确保报告满足干系人和其他项目团队成员的需求。一旦合规性得到验证,项目经理就可以与干系人召开会议,解决任何剩余的问题。对于项目经理来说,确保沟通渠道有效且高效,并且干系人在正确的时间收到正确的信息非常重要。


第535题 在项目开展过程中,项目经理的直接主管在其不知情的情况下,直接与客户沟通,批准相关变更。这令项目团队非常困惑,因为项目范围的背景正在发生变化,但这只在项目会议中有所提及,项目经理该如何应对这种情况?During the course of a project,the project manager's immediate director is communicating directly with the client to approve changes without the project manager's knowledge.This is causing confusion in the project team where the scope is changing in the background,but only being mentioned in project meetings. How should the project manager handle this?


A.审视相关方参与计划,并实施相应的行动计划。Review the stakeholder engagement plan and put in place any existing actions accordingly.

B.直接与主管沟通,使其了解沟通管理计划。Communicate directly with the director and inform them of the communications management plan.

C.与项目团队讨论这些问题,让其知道项目经理将会处理范围变更事宜。Discuss the issues with the project team and let them know that the project manager will handle scope changes.

D.直接与客户沟通,表明任何范围变更须经项目经理同意。Communicate directly with the client stating that any scope changes must go through the project manager.


参考答案:A


解析:《PMBOK》第6版530页,13.4-监督相关方参与。难点在于理解场景,主管直接联系了客户擅自批准了变更,结果导致了项目的范围发生了变化,且仅在项目会议中带过,没有做到及时的同步。所以,导致上述问题的根源是相关方管理出现了疏忽,还是沟通有所欠缺?根源在相关方,相关方对项目施加了不利的影响。因此,若想改善这一现状,就需要从相关方管理入手进行干预,选项A正确。选项B,适当的沟通也是调动相关方参与的策略之一,是否采用约束沟通的方式来对相关方干预要查看相关方参与计划。选项C,核心不在于范围管理。选项D,变更是否需要项目经理确认,要查看变更管理计划。


第536题 项目团队正在从预测方法向敏捷方法过渡。项目经理正试图将产品在生产过程中遇到的支持问题最小化。一个特别的痛点是向运营的过渡,问题通常会在这个阶段出现。项目经理应该做些什么来改善这种情况?
A project team is transitioning from a predictive to an agile approach. The project manager is trying to minimize the support issues that the product has had in production. One particular pain point is the transition to operations, where the issues usually arise. What should the project manager do to improve this scenario?


A.增加对涵盖支助要求以及产品手册和操作指南的待办事项列表中事项的关注。 Increase the focus on backlog items that cover support requirements, as well as product manuals and operation guides.

B.要求支持/运营团队参加每日站会会议,为项目进展做出贡献。 Ask the support/operation team to participate in the daily standup meetings to contribute to the project's progress.

C.让运营团队参与回顾和演示会议,并纳入他们对项目活动的反馈。 Engage the operation teams in the retrospectives and demo sessions and incorporate their feedback on project activities.

D.促进相关方参与,尽早让他们参与待办事项列表问题的讨论。 Foster stakeholder participation by engaging them early on the backlog discussions.


参考答案:C


解析:最佳选项是C。让运营团队参与回顾和演示会议,并结合他们对项目活动的反馈,有助于在过渡到运营之前确定问题。这种方法还可以改善项目团队和运营团队之间的协作和沟通,这有助于更快地发现和解决问题。选项A可能有助于记录和沟通支持需求,但它没有解决向运营过渡的根本问题。


第537题 某敏捷项目正在开展活动,以定义最小可行性产品(MVP),在会议期间,项目经理发现了一些强制性法规,但是否将这些法规包含进MVP中团队尚未达成共识,因为它可能会使项目持续时间延长。项目经理该做什么?An agile project is running activities to define the minimum viable product (MVP).During the session,the project manager identifies some mandatory regulations, but there is no consensus to include these regulations in the MVP because it may extend the duration of the project. What should the project manager do?


A.让团队承诺将所有必要法规包含进来。Get commitment from the team to include all of the required regulations.

B.告知与会者需要仅聚焦于产品功能。Share with the participants the need to focus only on product functionality.

C.按管理层的要求,向团队提供这些新法规方面的培训。Train the team on the new regulations as requested by management.

D.让项目发起人为项目分配更多时间。Ask the project sponsor to add more time to the project.


参考答案:C


解析:《敏捷实践指南》34页,4.2.1-仆人式领导的职责。"将这些法规包含进MVP中团队尚未达成共识",对这些法规该如何应对还存在困惑。因此,需要首先完成对法规的相关培训,充分理解后方能更新产品待办事项列表,选项C正确。选项A,自组织团队,多数情况下要团队自己做出决策,所以逼迫团队做出承诺是一种错误的管理行为。选项B,如果首先就忽略了法律法规的影响,可能会导致产出成果无法上市销售,造成重大损失。选项D,是否需要更多的时间来应对,依赖于对法规的了解和认知。


第538题 大型项目的人力资源(HR)获取过程最近发生了变化。一个主要的流程变更包括财务经理和招聘经理的批准。对流程的这种变更意味着更长的处理时间。该项目迫切需要新的资源。项目经理应该怎么做?
A human resource (HR) acquisition process for a large project has recently changed. One major process change includes the approval of the financial manager and the recruitment manager. This change to the process implies longer processing. The project urgently needs new resources. What should the project manager do?


A.调整资源管理计划,并在发送给客户之前申请财务批准。 Adapt the resource management plan and ask for financial approval before sending it to the customer.

B.评估变更的影响,并审查下一步的项目管理计划。 Assess the impact of the change and review the project management plan for next steps.

C.请财务经理由于可能的项目延误和处罚而推迟执行。 Ask the financial manager to delay implementation due to potential project delays and penalties.

D.审查项目进度,以确定哪种技术将减少对项目工期的影响。 Review the project schedule to determine which technique will reduce impact on project duration.


参考答案:B


解析:知识点:实施整体变更控制。知识点章节:PMBOK(6)4. 6。项目经理应评估人力资源获取过程中变更的影响,同时考虑到对新资源的迫切需求。然后,他们应审查项目管理计划,包括进度和资源管理计划,以确定减轻较长处理时间影响的最佳方法。项目经理还可能需要考虑其他方法来获取必要的资源,例如临时人员或外部资源。目标应该是尽量减少对项目进度的影响,同时确保正确遵循新的人力资源获取流程。


第539题 在项目设计阶段,项目经理注意到进度绩效指数(SPI)为1.8,成本绩效指数(CPI)为0.1,在与高层管理人员召开的每周例会上,项目经理报告了关于这些指标的顾虑。但顾虑最大之人正是项目发起人,他/她说如果这种趋势继续下去,他们将被迫提前关闭项目。项目经理应该怎么做?During the design phase of a project,the project manager notices that the schedule performance index(SPl)is 1.8 and the cost performance index (CPI) is 0.1.In a weekly meeting with top management,the project manager reports concerns about these indicators.However,the most concerned person was the project sponsor who said that if the trend continues,they will be forced to prematurely close the project. What should the project manager do?


A.停止赶工加快进度计划。Stop crashing the schedule.

B.关注项目发起人,但要理解在项目设计阶段支出增加非常正常。Monitor the project sponsor,but understand that it is normal to spend more money in the design phase of a project.

C.运用资源平衡技术。Use a resource-leveling technique.

D.密切跟进了解项目发起人,并修改项目的资源管理计划,以改善指标。Manage the project sponsor closely and revise the project's resource management plan to improve indicators.


参考答案:D


解析:《PMBOK》第6版523页,13.3-管理相关方参与和《PMBOK》第6版105页,4.5-监控项目工作。进度绩效指数(SPI)为1.8,成本绩效指数(CPI)为0.1,项目的绩效表现惨不忍睹,也难怪项目发起人威胁说如果项目绩效持续恶化将关闭项目。所以,项目经理一方面要找到改善项目绩效的解决方案,一方面又要对相关方进行管理,争取到项目发起人对项目的支持与信心(至少要争取到解决问题的时间),选项D正确。选项A,情景中没有提到CPI为0.1是由于赶工所造成的,而且忽视了对相关方的管理。选项B,支出增加是否正常,要做有理有据的说明。选项C,同A,情景中并没有提及CPI的问题是由于资源管理所导致的。


第540题 收到新项目的客户请求之后,项目经理首先应该做什么?
What should a project manager do first after receiving a customer request for a new project?


A.寻求项目发起人批准。 Seek project sponsor approval.

B.准备商业论证。 Prepare the business case.

C.组织项目启动大会 。Organize a kick-off meeting.

D.获得专家判断。 Obtain expert judgment.


参考答案:B


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P77 章节:4.1.1.1 商业论证:经批准的商业论证或类似文件是最常用于制定项目章程的商业文件。商业论证从商业视角描述必要的信息,并且据此决定项目的期望结果是否值得所需投资。 商业论证包括:商业需求、成本效益分析。


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