第1421题 一个开发大型水电站的项目正处于实施阶段，并采用混合方法进行管理。项目经理应该做什么来确保在执行阶段完全符合质量要求？A project to develop a large hydropower station is currently in the implementation stage and is managed using a hybrid approach. What should a project manager do to ensure full compliance with quality requirements during the execution phase?

A.分析质量要求Analysis quality requirements

B.规划质量管理Planning Quality Management

C.持续检查可交付物的质量Continuously checking the quality of deliverables

D.建立质量方针和程序Establish quality policies and procedures

参考答案：C

解析：关键词“执行阶段”，在执行阶段，项目经理必须持续监控和评估可交付成果的质量，以确保它们与质量要求保持一致。ABD通常发生在规划阶段。

第1422题 项目经理正在管理一项创新产品在全国范围内的首次展示，而监管环境预计会发生变化，项目管理办公室（PMO）需要法规约束的可视化，同时保持一定程度的灵活性。项目经理可以使用哪种工具？The project manager is managing the first national demonstration of an innovative product, and the regulatory environment is expected to change. The Project Management Office (PMO) needs to visualize regulatory constraints while maintaining a certain degree of flexibility. What tools can project managers use?

A.使用燃尽图来提供透明度Using burndown charts to provide transparency

B.使用看板来增加责任感Using Kanban to increase sense of responsibility

C.使用产品待办事项来管理变更Use product backlog to manage changes

D.使用燃起图来提供透明度Using a burnup chart to provide transparency

参考答案：B

解析：敏捷实践指南，A3.4 -看板方法，P103。看板利用列进入和退出策略以及限制在制品等制约因素，可提供一目了然的工作流、瓶颈、阻碍和整体状态信息。此外，看板可作为面向所有观众的信息发射源，提供团队工作状态的最新信息。对于一个预期监管环境会发生变化的项目来说，看板提供了所需的可视化和灵活性，选B。

第1423题 项目经理确定了两个团队成员之间的一个问题，该问题在项目的第二次迭代期间影响了其中一个可交付物的开发。项目经理应该如何处理这个问题以避免对项目产生任何影响？A project manager identifies an issue between two team members that is affecting the development of one of the deliverables during the second iteration of a project. How should the project manager address this issue to avoid any impact to the project?

A.联系职能经理，要求替换冲突的团队成员。Contact the functional managers to request substitutes for the conflicting team members.

B.向两名团队成员发出警告，指出如果问题继续存在，两名成员将从项目中删除。Send a warning to both team members indicating that if the issue continues, both will be removed from the project.

C.与双方团队成员安排一次会议，以了解问题并促成一个令双方都满意的解决方案。Schedule a meeting with both team members to understand the issue and facilitate a solution that satisfies both parties.

D.将双方的团队成员升级到各自的职能经理，并让他们采取适当的行动。Escalate both team members to their respective functional managers and let them take the appropriate actions.

参考答案：C

解析：解决冲突的最佳方式是合作/解决，选C。

第1424题 一家建筑服务公司在当地社区有影响力，该公司有可能破坏项目建设地点的建立。他们过去的工程很失败，但他们仍然希望通过沟通使项目经理重新考虑他们的提议。项目经理应该采取什么样的行动？A construction service company has influence in the local community and may disrupt the establishment of project construction sites. Their past projects have been unsuccessful, but they still hope to communicate with the project manager to reconsider their proposal. What actions should project managers take?

A.不要与失败的投标人沟通，因为他们没有任何进一步地对项目的影响。Do not communicate with failed bidders as they have no further impact on the project.

B.与未中标的投标人会面，审查他们的提交材料以及导致投标失败的方面。Meet with unsuccessful bidders to review their submissions and the aspects that led to bid failure.

C.重新评估标书，确定需要改进的地方，以便将工作分配给该承包商。Re evaluate the bid and identify areas for improvement in order to allocate work to the contractor.

D.将未中标的投标者报告给一直支持该项目的当地社区领导者。Report unsuccessful bidders to local community leaders who have been supporting the project.

参考答案：B

解析：选B，与有影响力的干系人保持良好的沟通，有助于项目成功。

第1425题 一位项目经理已经管理一个敏捷项目8个月了，在过去的一次迭代中，由于产品需要新技术，团队速度有所下降。项目经理应该怎么做才能继统按计划交付并恢复到预期的速度？A project manager has been managing an agile project for 8 months, and in the past iteration, the team's speed has decreased due to the need for new technologies in the product. What should a project manager do to continue delivering as planned and returning to the expected speed?

A.使用回顾来更好地了解新技术对进度的影响，了解技能差距，并相应地调整团队Use retrospectives to better understand the impact of new technologies on progress, understand skill gaps, and adjust the team accordingly

B.通过寻找高价值/低工作量的项目重新评估待办事项，并与关键干系人协商新的可行产品（MVP）策略Reassess to-do items by identifying high value/low workload projects and negotiates new feasible product (MVP) strategies with key stakeholders

C.寻求发起人批准额外资金以雇用新的团队成员，增加团队的能力并补偿新技术造成的生产力损失Seeking approval from the initiator for additional funding to hire new team members, increase team capabilities, and compensate for productivity losses caused by new technologies

D.用更有经验的成员替换表现不佳的团队成员，为团队树立责任榜样Replace underperforming team members with more experienced members, setting a responsible example for the team

参考答案：A

解析：敏捷实践指南，5.2.1-回顾，P50。回顾是最重要的一个实践，原因是它能让团队学习、改进和调整其过程。

第1426题 一家主要从事预测项目的公司正在进行组织转型。项目经理直接与项目发起人的副总裁合作，项目经理被要求使用混合方法，通过使用冲刺在定义的日期之前完成交付。项目经理首先应该做什么？A company mainly engaged in forecasting projects is undergoing organizational transformation. The project manager works directly with the vice president of the project initiator, and is required to use a hybrid approach to complete delivery by a defined date using sprints. What should a project manager do first?

A.正式确定产品负责人的分配Formally determine the allocation of product owners

B.审查公司中的类似项目Review similar projects in the company

C.设定项目的目的、使命和愿景Set the purpose, mission, and vision of the project

D.完成待办事项列表的工作Complete the work of the to-do list

参考答案：C

解析：敏捷实践指南，5.1-项目章程和团队章程，P49。每个项目都需要一个项目章程，这样项目团队就能了解项目重要的原因、团队的前进方向以及项目的目标，这样团队后续才能更好地协作，选C。

第1427题 一个敏捷团队已经完成了五次冲刺。最终产品预计将在另外三次冲刺中交付。项目经理接到技术资源经理的电话，其中一名开发人员必须在接下来的4周内休假，没有临时替代人员。这将对可交付成果产生重大影响，项目经理应该做什么？An agile team has completed five sprints. The final product is expected to be delivered in three other sprints. The project manager received a call from the technical resource manager, stating that one of the developers must be on vacation for the next 4 weeks without any temporary replacements. This will have a significant impact on the deliverables, what should the project manager do?

A.进行影响分析，根据需要重新调整时间表，并将更改传达给客户。Conduct impact analysis, readjust the schedule as needed, and communicate the changes to the customer.

B.要求产品负责人进一步扩大交付团队，以在原始时间线内完成最终产品。Request the product owner to further expand the delivery team to complete the final product within the original timeline.

C.立即将影响告知客户，并为升级做好准备。Immediately inform the customer of the impact and prepare for the upgrade.

D.向发起人申请额外资金，以获得新的资源来填补缺口。Apply for additional funding from the initiator to obtain new resources to fill the gap.

参考答案：A

解析：事的问题先分析。当项目面临潜在的问题或变化时，需要进行影响分析，以了解这些问题或变化可能对项目带来的影响，之后再就如何避免影响采取措施。

第1428题 一个项目经理从客户那里收到了一份提案请求（RFP）。客户对需求非常清楚。一个需求分析必须在项目的第一个月完成，客户希望每两周看到一个工作演示的完成，项目经理应该使用什么项目方法？A project manager received a Request for Proposal (RFP) from a client. The customer is very clear about their needs. A requirement analysis must be completed in the first month of the project. The client wishes to see a work demonstration completed every two weeks. What project method should the project manager use?

A.预测型的需求分析和敏捷型的项目交付。Predictive requirement analysis and agile project delivery.

B.迭代法用于项目的需求分析和交付阶段。The iterative method is used in the requirements analysis and delivery phase of a project.

C.敏捷项目的所有阶段，包括需求分析和交付。All stages of an agile project, including requirement analysis and delivery.

D.对项目的需求分析和交付阶段进行预测。Predict the requirements analysis and delivery phase of the project.

参考答案：A

解析：预测型方法会在项目开始时定义所有的需求，敏捷方法强调的是灵活性和快速响应变化，并且要求定期展示项目的进展给客户，故选A。

第1429题 由于采购负责人与合同经理之间存在冲突，导致某个组件未能交付，造成了项目延迟，为了解决问题，项目经理安排了与这两位干系人会面，在这种情况下，项目经理扮演了什么角色？Due to a conflict between the procurement leader and the contract manager, a certain component was not delivered, resulting in project delays. In order to solve the problem, the project manager arranged a meeting with these two stakeholders. In this situation, what role did the project manager play?

A.斡旋者Concillialor

B.仲裁者Arbitrator

C.调停者Accommodator

D.调解者Mediator

参考答案：D

解析：关键词“项目经理安排了与这两名干系人会面”，这意味着项目经理在为争议双方创造机会解决问题，他不决定冲突的结果，选D。英文中的conciliation和mediation在翻译为中文时都可表达为“调解”，但两者存在一定区别。最明显的区别是conciliator和mediator的作用不同。Conciliator会更加积极主动地介入争议，提出建议供当事方参考；而mediator基本只是促成当事方进行协商。

第1430题 一个敏捷团队已经开始了一个新项目。项目经理应该在什么时候组织他们的第一次团队回顾？An agile team has started a new project. When should the project manager organize their first team retrospective?

A.当已经过去了几周。When more than a few weeks have passed.

B.当团队达到一个主要的里程碑。When the team reaches a major milestone.

C.当团队完成了一个重要增量的发布。When the team completes a release of a monumental increment.

D.当工作在团队中进展顺利。When the work is progressing well through the team.

参考答案：A

解析：敏捷实践指南，5.2.1-回顾，P51。团队成员可以决定在这些关键时刻进行回顾：1、当团队完成一个发布或者加入一些功能时。这不一定是一个巨大的增量。它可以是任何发布，无论它有多小。2、自上次回顾以来，又过了几周时间。3、当团队出现问题时，以及团队协作完成工作不顺畅时。4、当团队达到任何其他里程碑时。综上所述，A是最佳选项。选项B主要里程碑以及选项C重要重要增量发布不对，达到任何里程碑、发布任何增量时都可以进行回顾。

第1431题 为了防止有影响力的干系人主宰产品交付决策，产品负责人决定使用计划扑克（planning poker）。使用这种技术的一个主要优点是什么？To prevent influential stakeholders from dominating product delivery decisions, the product owner decided to use planning poker. What is a key advantage of using this technique?

A.协助团队在迭代中规划活动。Assists the team in planning the activities within the iteration

B.允许更准确的估算。Allows for more accurate estimates

C.包含一个类似于头脑风暴的技术。Incorporates a technique similar to brainstorming

D.确保项目团队的积极参与。Ensures active project team participation

参考答案：D

解析：计划扑克（Planning Poker）是一种广泛用于敏捷方法的估算技术，特点是每个团队成员都会使用一套卡片为特定的任务或功能提供他们自己的估算。这种方法鼓励每个团队成员都给出自己的看法，而不是受到其他人的影响，这有助于避免偏见，并确保了估算考虑了多种观点，从而可能更准确，也可以确保整个团队都积极参与估算过程。B和D虽然都是计划扑克的优点，但是D更符合题意要求。

第1432题 项目经理正在进行一个已经进行了九个月的混合项目。一些项目干系人开始感到沮丧，因为他们没有看到项目带来的价值。项目经理应该采取什么行动来展示项目的价值？A project manager is working on a hybrid project that has been in progress for the last nine months. Some project stakeholders are becoming frustrated because they do not see the value added by the project. What should the project manager do to demonstrate the project value?

A.邀请干系人参加下一次的冲刺评审会议，并审查已完成的工作。Invite the stakeholders to the next sprint review meeting and review the completed work.

B.制作一个详尽的报告，强调项目的成果。Produce an extensive report highlighting the project's accomplishments.

C.确保干系人知道项目回顾中的当前流程挑战。Ensure that stakeholders are aware of the current process challenges on the project retrospective.

D.为项目增加资源，这样所有的迭代都将提前完成。Add resources to the project so all of the iterations will be completed earlier.

参考答案：A

解析：冲刺评审会议的目的是向干系人展示已完成的工作并获取反馈。通过邀请关键干系人参加此类会议，项目经理可以直接向他们展示项目所取得的进展，同时展示项目的价值。

第1433题 在一个站立会议中，一个团队成员已经连续五天提供相同的更新。这项任务位于关键路径上，现在有可能导致进度延迟。项目经理应该怎么做？In a stand-up meeting, a team member had provided the same update five days in a row. This task is on a critical path and now has the potential to cause delays. What should a project manager do?

A.通知项目发起人关于延迟的情况。Keep the project sponsor informed about the delay.

B.将任务重新分配给团队的另一个成员。Reassign the task to another member of the team.

C.通过提供额外的资源来支持团队成员立即完成任务。Support the team member by providing one more resource to complete the task immediately.

D.询问团队成员是否存在障碍，并帮助移除障碍。Ask the team member if there is an impediment, and help to remove the blockers.

参考答案：D

解析：项目经理应帮助团队成员消除障碍。根据题干，团队成员已连续几天在站会中提供相同的更新，这一般意味着他们遇到了某种阻碍或问题，导致任务无法继续。项目经理的首要任务是与团队成员沟通，了解是否存在障碍，以帮助团队成员顺利完成任务。

第1434题 项目经理正在领导一个处于执行阶段的项目。在团队会议中，项目经理意识到有两名团队成员缺乏即将到来的一些任务所需的技术技能。仆人式领导的项目经理接下来应该做什么？A project manager is leading a project that is in the execution phase. During a team meeting, the project manager realizes that there are two team members who lack the technical skills required for some of the upcoming tasks. What should the servant leader project manager do next?

A.建议团队成员提高自己对项目要求的技能。Recommend to the team members to up skill themselves on the requirements for the project.

B.与人力资源（HR）经理讨论更换团队成员的可能性。Discuss with the human resource (HR) manager about the possibility of changing team members.

C.探索一个在项目预算范围内的团队成员的培训计划。Explore a training program that is within the project budget for the team members.

D.通知发起人团队中技能不足可能导致的延误。Inform the sponsor about a possible delay due to the lack of skills in the team.

参考答案：C

解析：团队成员缺乏技能，应该进行培训。

第1435题 一个团队已经工作了两个月，但持续没有完成计划的用户故事。项目经理应该如何解决这个问题？A team has been working for two months and has consistently missed planned user stories. How should the project manager address this issue?

A.保证冲刺的大小与迭代周期相匹配。Ensure the sprint size is appropriate for the iteration duration.

B.参与招聘高技能的资源来增强技能。Engage is recruiting a highly skilled resource to reinforce the skills.

C.建议改变迭代周期以确保如期完成任务。Promote changing the iteration duration in order to commit as planned.

D.考虑使用奖励系统来鼓励按时交付。Consider using a reward system to encourage timely delivery.

参考答案：A

解析：选项A是最佳选项，如果团队在一个迭代周期内承担的工作过多，会导致完不成计划故事。项目经理应该与团队一起评估冲刺的大小，并确保它适合迭代周期，选A。选项C错误，迭代周期通常是固定的，比如两周或四周，一般不会因为未完成用户故事而改变迭代的时间。

第1436题 一个高级管理团队成员联系了一名敏捷项目负责人，提到他认为应该包括在当前发布中的某些功能未被包括。敏捷项目负责人应该采取什么行动？A senior management team member contacts an agile project lead and mentions that certain featu res the senior manager thought would be in the c urrent release were not included. What should th e agile project lead do?

A.将产品路线图发送给高级管理成员。Send the product roadmap to the senior manager.

B.向高级管理成员保证这些功能将在下一个迭代中实现。Assure the senior manager that these features will be queued up in the next sprint.

C.邀请高级管理成员参加下一个规划会。Invite the senior manager to the next planning meeting.

D.与团队会面，了解为什么未包括高级管理成员认为的功能。Meet with the team to understand why the senior manager's features were not included.

参考答案：D

解析：干系人提出问题时，项目负责人首先需要背后的原因，这样可以明确地向高级经理解释为什么某些功能未被包含，以及未来的计划。选D。

第1437题 一家药店需要推出药物送货上门服务。为了在一个月内准备好服务（通常需要五个月才能完成），创建了一个跨学科团队。项目经理应该怎么做？A pharmacy needs to launch a medication delivery service. An interdisciplinary team was created in order to have the service ready in one-month when it usually takes five months to complete.What should the project manager do?

A.记录一个风险并定义一个应急计划。Register a risk and define a contingency plan.

B.审查并减少项目待办事项。Review and reduce the project backlog.

C.协助团队提议一个最小可行性产品（MVP）。Assist the team in proposing a minimum viable product (MVP).

D.请求增加团队的能力。Ask to increase the capacity of the team.

参考答案：C

解析：MVP代表在最短的时间内可以提供的、能为用户提供价值的产品或服务的基本版本。通过先推出MVP，组织可以快速进入市场，同时收集用户反馈以改进和完善产品或服务。

第1438题 项目经理正在管理一个混合项目。一名干系人直接联系了团队成员并要求进行变更。由于这个请求，团队成员被从他们的工作中分心，导致生产力下降。团队成员应该怎么做？A project manager is managing a hybrid project. A stakeholder has directly contacted a team member and has requested a change. Due to the request, the team member was distracted from their work, which caused a loss in productivity. What should the team member do?

A.通知Scrum Master，以便可以直接与干系人讨论更改。Inform the scrum master so that the change can be discussed directly with the stakeholder.

B.通知Scrum Master关于干系人的变更请求以及这对生产力的影响。Inform the scrum master regarding the stakeholder's request for a change and the impact this has had on productivity.

C.告知干系人，新需求的正确程序是直接提供给项目经理。Inform the stakeholder that the correct procedure for new requirements is to provide it directly to the project manager.

D.告知干系人，新需求的正确程序是直接提供给变更控制委员会（CCB）。Inform the stakeholder that the correct procedure for new requirements is to provide it directly to the change control board(CCB).

参考答案：B

解析：Scrum Master负责确保团队能够专注于他们的工作。当外部打扰或请求影响到团队的生产力时，Scrum Master应起到协调和沟通的作用。因此选B。

第1439题 在项目执行过程中，项目经理观察到速度较慢，测试队列中的任务量很大。该项目采用的是混合方法，并且只剩下几个迭代。项目经理应该怎么做？During project execution, the project manager observes lower velocity and a high volume of tasks i n the testing queue. The project is using a hybrid approach and there are only a few sprints remaini ng. What should the project manager do?

A.为所有项目团队成员提供测试培训。Provide testing training to all the project team members.

B.向团队中添加一个具有测试技能的新资源。Add a new resource with testing skills to the team.

C.与团队合作了解并解决问题。Work with the team to understand and solve the issues.

D.增加迭代的持续时间，以便完成测试。 Increase the sprint duration so the testing can be completed.

参考答案：C

解析：混合项目中，自组织团队成员都需要对项目的成功交付负责，遇到问题，大家首选协作解决，选C。

第1440题 一个项目取得了重大进展，即将完成。项目经理观察到团队成员不再注意力集中，开始上班迟到。项目经理应该做什么？A project has progressed significantly and is getting close to completion. The project manager observed that team members are no longer focused and have started arriving to work late. What should the project manager do?

A.与职能经理接触，确保团队成员的角色。Engage functional managers to secure roles for team members.

B.举行激励会议以保持团队成员的士气。Hold motivation sessions to keep team member morale high.

C.要求更换项目团队成员。Ask for replacement project team members.

D.惩罚迟到的团队成员。Penalize team members who arrive to work late.

参考答案：B

解析：根据题干，了解到项目即将完成，团队成员可能会出现放松或疲劳的情况，这时项目经理可以举行激励会议重新激起团队的热情，提醒他们项目的重要性和他们的贡献，选B。