第1401题 在一个价值200万美元项目的测试阶段，团队发现了一些缺陷。由于截止期限很紧，团队成员承认他们可能无法修复所有缺陷。若要确定应集中哪些工作，项目经理应该使用什么工具或技术？
During the testing phase of a US$2 million project, the team discovers several defects. Since deadlines are tight， team members acknowledge that they may be unable to fix all of the defects. What tool or technique should the project manager use to identify where efforts should be concentrated?

A.帕累托图 Pareto diagram

B.矩阵图 Matrix diagram

C.散点图 Scatter diagram

D.专家判断 Expert judgement

参考答案：A

解析：帕累托图，是一种特殊的垂直条形图，用于识别造成大多数问题的少数重要原因。缺陷太多不能都修复，要确定应集中哪些工作，然后优先修复主要缺陷，使用帕累托图给缺陷排序。

第1402题 某敏捷项目的项目发起人告知项目负责人说，一位高管希望了解项目进展情况，项目负责人该做什么？The project sponsor on an agile project informed the project lead that an executive would like an update on the project's progress.What should the project lead do?

A.邀请该高管来到项目会议室，以确定项目的信息发射源是否满足其需要。Invite the executive to the project's meeting space to determine if the project information radiators meet their needs

B.主动联系项目管理办公室（PMO），向其索取状态报告模板，并按该模板的格式提供项目最新情况。Reach out to the project management office (PMO) for status report templates and provide project updates in that formal.

C.让项目发起人或产品负责人提供最新情况，因为产品负责人应尽力使团队免受障碍因素影响。Ask the project sponsor or product owner to provide an update since the project lead should be trying to keep the team form that format

D.提供项目共享驱动器的链接，以便该高管能够摸索其感兴趣的任何工件。 Provide a link to the project's shared drive for the executive to search through for any artifacts that are of interest.

参考答案：A

解析：敏捷团队常用可视化工具完成信息的透明，信息发射器就是一个典型的信息发布工具。作为团队的仆人式领导者，需要了解各个干系人的沟通偏好，以解决其需求，故选A。

第1403题 由于项目涉及一个他们不熟悉的行业，项目经理很难定义其产品的质量标准和测量指标。项目经理应该做什么？
Because a project involves an industry with which they are unfamiliar,a project manager is having difficulty defining the quality standards and metrics for its project. What should the project manager do?

A.查询类似项目的经验教训 Consult the lessons learned registers of similar projects

B.密切监督项目质量 Closely monitor the project's quality

C.拒绝项目经理的职位 Decline the project manager position

D.带一位专家到项目团队 Bring an expert to the project team

参考答案：D

解析：PMBOK(6)P281- 8.1.2.1 专家判断。一个新的行业，一般行业的问题都找专家会更好。专家是行业专家。 其他选项：A也可以，不过没有D来得更有效。

第1404题 一项可交付成果的最新质量报告显示了质量标准方面的重大不合规问题，在团队会议期间，职能经理指出预算将不支持这些标准的实施，并称这些问题在项目的这个阶段并不重要。项目经理应该做什么？
The latest quality report for a deliverable show major non-compliance issues with quality standards.During a team meeting,a functional manager points out that the budget will not support implementation of these standards,and claims that they are unimportant at this stage of the project. What should the project manager do?

A.接受职能经理的专家判断，并修改质量管理计划 Accept the expert judgement of the functional manager,and revise the quality management.

B.要求项目发起人增加预算以实施质量标准 Ask the project sponsor for a budget increase to important the quality standards.

C.更新项目管理计划，以包括与质量合规相关的新风险 Update the project management plan to include a new risk associated with quality compliance.

D.审查质量管理计划，并对预算采取适当的纠正措施 Review the quality management plan,and apply appropriate corrective actions regarding the budget.

参考答案：D

解析：PMBOK(6)，286，8.1.3.1质量管理计划。问题发生了，要先看计划，然后分析原因，再采取适当的纠正措施。其他选项：ABC都直接采取了措施。

第1405题 一个国际项目的团队由来自不同的背景，年龄和兴趣的个人组成。项目一开始后就发现他们未能齐心协力一起合作。项目经理如何才能促进更好的团队合作？
A team for an international project is composed of individuals from different backgrounds, ages,and interests.As soon as the project starts.It become clear that they struggling to work together.How can project managers promote better teamwork?

A.举行正式的团队会议来讨论团队合作的重要性 Hold an official team meeting to discuss the importance of teamwork.

B.与团队开会以解释基本规则，共同愿景和价值观，并更好地理解团队成员的优先级 Meet with team to explain ground rules5shared vision,and to better understand learn members5 priorities.

C.请人力资源部门对团队进行多样性方面的教育和培训 Ask the human resource department to educate and train the team on diversity.

D.让团队自行建设，然后在下一次绩效评估会议上处理问题 Allow the team to develop on its own,and then address issues at the next performance appraisal meeting.

参考答案：B

解析：PMBOK(6)P319- 9.1.3.2 团队章程。团队的差异较大，使用团队章程能够明确团队规划与团队价值观，B就是团队章程。 其他选项：AC这种活动的成果都可以纳入团队章程。D自行建设不对，项目经理要承担团队建设。

第1406题 在一个时间紧迫的项目期间，项目经理注意到两名团队成员之间的冲突让项目进度停滞不前。项目经理应该做些什么来恢复工作和管理冲突？
During a project with a tight timeline, the project manager observes a conflict between two team members that is halting progress. What should the project manager do to resume work and manage the conflicts?

A.将这两名团队成员分开以防止冲突影响项目 Separate the team members to prevent the conflicts from impacting the project

B.请求干系人帮助团队成员达成妥协 Request that stakeholder help the team members reach a compromise

C.要求双方通过分析情况来解决冲突，并与他们合作找到共同解决方案 Ask Both parties to resolve the conflict by analyzing the situation and collaborate with them on finding a common solution

D.指示团队成员采取一致观点并继续项目 Direct the team members to take one point of view and proceed with the project

参考答案：C

解析：PMBOK（6）348-9.5.2.1人际关系与团队技能。对于团队的冲突问题，首先尝试合作/面对/解决问题的冲突管理策略。 选项A：属于缓和策略。 选项B：属于妥协策略。 选项D：属于强迫策略。

第1407题 在测试新的网络基础设施时，供应商发现由于存在潜在硬件缺陷，一个组件必须升级。为确保团队有效参与项目，项目经理应该怎么做？
When testing a new network infrastructure, the supplier finds that a component must be upgraded due to potential hardware defect. What should the project manager do to ensure that the team is effectively involved in the project?

A.生成变更请求 To generate a change request

B.执行优势、劣势、机会与威胁（SWOT分析) To perform the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) Analysis

C.更新执行、负责、咨询和知情（RACI）矩阵 Update Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, and Informed (RACI) Matrix

D.修订干系人登记册 To revise the Register of Stakeholders

参考答案：C

解析：PMBOK(6)，P317，9.1.2.2责任分配矩阵。为了确保一件事必须有人在负责，需要更新责任分配矩阵，给每个人确定职责，这样才会确保团队有效参与。其他选项：A目前没必要变更。B是识别风险，不合题意。D非干系人问题。

第1408题 项目经理负责管理一个正在进行的项目，该项目存在质量问题。团队成员认为质量保证对项目没有增加任何价值。此时项目经理应该怎么做？
The project manager is responsible for managing an ongoing project with quality problems. Team members consider that quality assurance does not add any value to the project. What should the project manager do?

A.修订项目管理计划 To revise the project management plan

B.修订质量管理计划 To revise the quality control plan

C.执行根本原因分析 To perform root cause analysis

D.控制质量测量指标 To control quality measurement indicators

参考答案：C

解析：PMBOK(6)P292- 8.2.2.2数据分析。存在质量问题，质量活动没有起到作用。需要先分析根本原因，再考虑采取措施。 其他选项：ABD都直接采取了措施。

第1409题 一个城镇想要建立一个社区中心，并任命了一名项目经理。找到了一个站点，所有必要的审批和管理都已完成。当项目启动时，人们发现当地的一个农民团体没有得到咨询，他们利用这个场地每月举办一次集市。项目经理应该做什么来推进项目？ A town wants to build a community center and has appointed a project manager. A site was found, and all of the necessary approvals and governance were completed. When the project kick-off was held, it was discovered that a local farmers ‘group was not consulted, and they use the site for a monthly market. What should the project manager do to move forward with the project?

A.继续建设中心，不需要征求农民团体的意见。 Continue building the center as the farmers' group does not need to be consulted.

B.记录与农民团体可能给项目带来的影响有关的风险。 Document a risk related to the impact that the farmers' group could bring to the project.

C.要求项目发起人与农民团体讨论赔偿损失的业务。 Request that the project sponsor discuss compensation with the farmers' group for the lost business.

D.与包括农民团体在内的所有干系人讨论项目目标，并审查他们的要求。 Discuss the project objectives with all stakeholders, including the farmers' group, and review their requirements.

参考答案：D

解析：农民团体是受项目影响的干系人。必须让他们参与规划过程，以了解他们的关注点和要求。项目经理应促成与农民团体的会议，以审查他们的要求，并协商一个能让所有干系人满意的解决方案。通过让所有干系人参与进来，项目经理可以确保考虑到每个人的利益，并确保项目能够在所有干系人的支持下向前推进。

第1410题 项目主管担心一个计划驱动的项目可能无法实现其完成日期。若要减轻这个问题，项目经理应该做什么？
A project director is concerned that a schedule-driven project may not achieve its completion date.What should the project manager do to mitigate this?

A.制定资源分解结构（RBS） Develop a resource breakdown structure(RBS).

B.应用资源平衡 Apply resource leveling.

C.采用开始到开始（SS）任务关系来加速关键路径活动 Adopt start-to-start(SS)task relationships to expedite critical-path activities.

D.重定进度基准和资源管理计划 Re-baseline the schedule and resource management plans.

参考答案：C

解析：PMBOK(6)P228- 6.6.2.6 进度压缩。进度延迟，要压缩进度，C是典型的快速跟进。B资源平衡不对，会增加延迟。

第1411题 财务部门正在实施一个预算规划和预测的新系统。关于新系统如何令部门更加分散和效率低下的传言正在流传。项目经理应该如何处理这个问题？
A finance department is implementing a new system for budget planning and forecasting. Rumors are circulating about how the new system will make the department more fragmented and less efficient. How should the project manager handle this ?

A.更新沟通管理计划，以在系统开发期间包含财务部门员工 Update the communication management plan to include the financial department employees during system development

B.确保组织变更在变更管理计划中得到说明，并以可接受的速度引入 Ensure that organizational changes are addressed in the change management plan and introduced at an acceptable rate

C.与财务部门员工一起审查变更管理计划，以确保正确记录过程变更 Review the change management plan with the finance department employees to ensure that process changes are documented correctly

D.向财务部门保证变更管理计划将考虑他们的担心 Assure the finance department that the change management plan will incorporate their concerns

参考答案：A

解析：PMBOK（6）P388-10.3监督沟通。信息的传递面临着新挑战，需要将财务部门纳入沟通管理计划。“谣言止于公开”。 选项BCD：信息传递导致了问题的发生，而不是变更管理出现了疏漏。

第1412题 在项目的风险评估会议上，观察清单中的一个风险项发生概率急剧增加。项目经理应首先更新哪一项内容？
During a project’s risk assessment meeting, the probability of one of the items on the watch list occurring drastically, what should the project manager update first?

A.风险管理计划 Risk management plan

B.风险登记册 Risk register

C.假设日志 Assumptions log

D.风险应对计划 Risk response plan

参考答案：B

解析：PMBOK(6)，P455，11.7.1.2风险登记册。低影响和低概率的风险一般放入观察清单，并纳入风险登记册中。因此，观察清单变化，首先要更新风险登记册。

第1413题 项目发起人要求对项目在过去12个月里监控的所有风险进行趋势分析。敏捷项目经理应该怎么做？ A project sponsor has requested a trend analysis of all risks that the project has monitored over the past 12 months. What should the agile project manager do?

A.与发起人分享年度报告。Share the annual report with the sponsor.

B.组织干系人会议，就一般项目风险进行头脑风暴。Organize a stakeholder meeting to brainstorm on general project risks.

C.从项目风险登记册跟踪工具和问题日志中提取。Extract this from the project risk register tracking tool and issues log.

D.请发起人查阅合同文件。Refer the sponsor to the contract document.

参考答案：C

解析：风险登记册记录已识别单个项目风险的详细信息。随着实施定性风险分析、规划风险应对、实施风险应对和监督风险等过程的开展，这些过程的结果也要记进风险登记册。问题日志是一种记录和跟进所有问题的项目文件。所以，风险登记册和问题日志是风险的趋势分析的最直接的来源。选C。

第1414题 一个敏捷的项目团队资深成员突然从组织辞职。在这次离开后，剩下的团队成员在获取信息方面遇到困难，无法完成一项可交付成果。项目经理应该做些什么来避免这种情况？An agile senior project team member suddenly resigns from the organization. Following this departure, the remaining team members are having difficulty accessing information and are unable to complete a deliverable. What should the project manager have done to avoid this situation?

A.确保项目资源库是最新的。Ensured the project repository is up to date.

B.更新所有团队角色的工作描述。Updated the job descriptions for all team roles.

C.为所有团队成员提供专业培训。Provided specialist training for all team members.

D.人力投入重新雇用高级项目小组成员。Made an effort to reemploy the senior project team member.

参考答案：A

解析：关键词“剩下的团队成员在获取信息方面遇到困难”，即项目关键信息没有得到有效保存或更新，选A。

第1415题 在项目的规划阶段创建了一个合规策略。在执行过程中，项目经理离开了组织，另一位项目经理被分配到团队。项目经理应该首先做什么来确保项目的合规性？A compliance strategy was created during the planning phase of a project. During execution, the project manager left the organization and another project manager was assigned to the team. What should the project manager do first to ensure the project is compliant?

A.与团队会面讨论合规问题Meet with the team to discuss compliance concerns

B.查看组织过程资产（OPAs）以了解合规主题Review the organizational process assets (OPAs) for compliance topics

C.审查合规策略和版本历史Review the compliance strategy and version history

D.与项目发起人会面讨论他们的合规问题Meet with the project sponsor to discuss their compliance concerns

参考答案：C

解析：作为新人加入，首先要理解项目过往情况和当前状态，包括已经制定的策略和计划。合规策略是规划阶段产出的重要文档，因此新项目经理首先要审查合规策略和版本历史，了解项目目前的合规需求和已经采取的行动。

第1416题 在敏捷项目中，团队计划在一个迭代中完成40个故事点，但是只完成30个故事点。进度绩效指数（SPI）是什么？In an agile project, the team planned to complete 40 story points in an iteration, but only completed 30 story points. What is the schedule performance index (SPI)?

A.30/40

B.40/70

C.30/70

D.40/30

参考答案：A

解析：SPI=EV/PV=30/40.

第1417题 在一次定期审查中，一个敏捷项目的项目经理意识到，一个关键的干系人缺少关于正在开发的一些功能的关键信息。为了改善沟通，减少部署错误功能的风险，项目经理应该怎么做？During a regular review, the project manager of an agile project realized that a key stakeholder lacked critical information about some of the features being developed. What should a project manager do to improve communication and reduce the risk of deploying incorrect functions?

A.评估干系人的需要和沟通方式，并提出有针对性的办法，定期提交状况报告和进度会议。Assess the needs and communication methods of stakeholders, propose targeted methods, and regularly submit status reports and progress meetings.

B.邀请干系人参加定期的展示/评审会议，让干系人知悉项目进度，并收集他们的意见。Invite stakeholders to participate in regular presentation/review meetings to keep them informed of project progress and collect their opinions.

C.进行干系人分析，根据干系人对项目的影响程度和兴趣程度进行评估，并进行沟通。Conduct stakeholder analysis, evaluate the degree of impact and interest of stakeholders on the project, and communicate accordingly.

D.让干系人参与定期的项目交流，以便能够密切地跟踪作出的决定。Engage stakeholders in regular project communication to closely track decisions made.

参考答案：B

解析：关键词“缺少关于正在开发的一些功能的关键信息”，这时产品负责人或者关键干系人需要及时沟通以澄清相关需求信息。展示/评审会议，即当团队以用户故事的形式完成特定功能时，团队会定期展示工作产品。这样，团队成员就可以得到反馈，防止他们朝着错误的方向前进。故选B。

第1418题 一个项目经理领导着一个地理位置分散的虚拟团队，项目经理应该怎么做才能避免项目中由于文化不同而产生的不确定性？A project manager leads a geographically dispersed virtual team. What should a project manager do to avoid the uncertainty caused by cultural differences in the project?

A.启动项目，并将出现的任何不确定性添加到风险登记册中Initiate the project and add any uncertainties to the risk register

B.解散虚拟团队，建立协同团队Dissolve the virtual team and establish a collaborative team

C.收集相关的文化数据，并让成员参与涵盖其职业道德的讨论Collect relevant cultural data and engage members in discussions covering their professional ethics

D.建立一个文化中立的团队，不会受到文化差异的影响Establish a culturally neutral team that is not influenced by cultural differences

参考答案：C

解析：在管理虚拟团队时，理解并尊重团队成员的文化差异是至关重要的。项目经理需要收集有关不同文化的信息，并在团队内部进行教育和讨论。这样可以帮助团队成员更好地理解、尊重和适应不同的文化，从而降低由于文化差异导致的不确定性。同时，开展这样的讨论还可以帮助团队建立一个共同的、对所有成员都公平的工作环境和职业道德标准，选C。 选项D错误，“文化中立”不符合实际。

第1419题 在一个敏捷项目中，项目负责人已经多次召集团队召开临时会议。项目经理应该怎么做？In an agile project, the project leader has convened multiple temporary meetings with the team. What should a project manager do?

A.要求团队只关注目标，而不是临时会议Require the team to only focus on goals, not adhoc meetings

B.辅导项目负责人关于计划外会议的潜在影响Mentoring the project leader on the potential impact of unplanned meetings

C.在回顾会议上与项目负责人讨论这个问题Discuss this issue with the project leader during the review meeting

D.将情况上报给管理层，因为它影响到团队Report the situation to management as it affects the team

参考答案：B

解析：根据考纲，在干系人做出不当举动时，需要对他们进行指导、教育，选 B。

第1420题 开发银行产品的项目正处于执行阶段，政府的新法规对产品开发产生了重大影响，干系人关心计划的利益是否仍然有效和可实现。项目经理应该首先做什么？The project to develop bank products is currently in the execution stage, and new government regulations have had a significant impact on product development. Stakeholders are concerned about whether the benefits of the plan are still effective and achievable. What should a project manager do first?

A.重新验证并重新预测收益基准和目标Revalidate and repredict revenue benchmarks and targets

B.将问题上报给发起人并请求更多资金Report the issue to the initiator and request more funding

C.展示实现目标的进度并重新验证项目工作计划Show progress towards achieving goals and revalidate project work plan

D.优化干系人需求和项目目标之间的一致性Optimize consistency between stakeholder needs and project objectives

参考答案：A

解析：根据题干，干系人关心计划的利益在新法规下是否仍然有效和可实现，合规大于天，这时最好的措施是在新法规下，重新审视和预测项目的收益基准和目标，选A。