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项目管理专业人士资格认证(PMP)题库(1459题)


第1361题 一位干系人经常错过计划每两周举行一次的干系人会议。项目经理首先应该怎么做?
One stakeholder regularly misses scheduled biweekly Stakeholder meeting. What should the project manager do first?


A.开始记录每两周举行一次的会议,并与所有预期的与会者分享记录 Start recording the biweekly meetings , and share the recordings with all the intended attendees.

B.请项目发起人与该干系人进行交涉 Ask the project sponsor to intervene with the stakeholder.

C.与该干系人会面,讨论其未能参加会议的问题 Meet with the stakeholder to discuss his failure to attend meetings.

D.审查干系人参与评估矩阵,以了解该干系人的参与程度 Review the stakeholder engagement assessment matrix to understand the engagement level of the stakeholder.


参考答案:D


解析:PMBOK(6)P521- 13.2.2.5 干系人参与度评估矩阵。 按照处理问题的思维来看,处理的顺序应该是先D后C,AB都在后面。发现了干系人的问题,先看一下他对项目的参与程度,心里有数以后,当面和他沟通,然后再采取改善措施。


第1362题 在项目的初始阶段,通过了一项新法规。这项法规有可能会影响到项目的进度和预算。开始规划阶段之前,项目经理应该做什么?
During a project's initial phase, a new regulation is introduce. The regulation has the potential to impact the project's schedule and the budget. What should the project manager do before beginning the planning stage?


A.执行定性风险分析 Perform a qualitative risk analysis.

B.将该风险包含在项目章程中 Include the risk in the project charter.

C.更新风险应对计划 Update the risk response plan.

D.请求变更进度计划和预算 Request a change to schedule and budget.


参考答案:B


解析:PMBOK(6)P78- 4.1.1.3 制定项目章程-事业环境因素。题干中明确说了是启动阶段(initial Phase),同时也说了法规。说明制定项目章程时要考虑法律这个制约因素,作为高层次风险纳入项目章程。 其他选项:ACD都不是启动阶段


第1363题 一个虚拟项目团队的成员在不同地点工作。一名团队成员错过其任务完成日期。项目经理发现该团队成员在添加一个其认为客户想要的小功能。项目经理应该做什么?
A virtual project team has members working in different locations.One team has missed their task's completion date.The project manager discovers that this team member has been adding a small few feature that they believe the client will want. What should the project manager do?


A.支持该团队成员的主动思考,并将新功能添加到可交付成果的范围中 Support the team member's proactive thinking,and add the new feature to the deliverable's scope.

B.要求该团队成员停止新功能的相关工作,并核实可交付成果的范围 Ask the team member to discontinue work on the new feature,and validate the deliverable's scope.

C.让团队集中办公,以确保尽快完成任务 Co-locate the team to ensure that the task is completed as soon as possible.

D.提出一项变更请求,以将新功能包含在范围中 Raise a charge request to include the new feature in the scope.


参考答案:B


解析:PMBOK(6)P222-6.6 控制进度。 团队成员主动镀金,没有必要,要停止这种行为,并核实范围看看还有没有类似的情况。 其他选项:AC都镀金,不符合PMC的观点,D没必要主动去变更添加。


第1364题 项目经理正在管理一个产品开发项目,有许多国家的消费者将使用该产品,而且开发团队将在不同的地理位置工作,在制定实施策略时,项目经理首先应该做什么?
A project manager is leading a product development project,Consumers across multiple countries, will use the product and the development team will working in different geographic locations. When developing the implementation strategy,what should the project manager do first?


A.创建工作分解结构(WBS)以了解所需工作的具体细节 Create A work breakdown structure (WBS) to understand the specific details of the required work

B.制定甘特图以确定每个地点的资源和职责 Develop a Gantlet Charts to identify resources and responsibilities for each location

C.确定可能影响项目成功的关键假设条件,制约因素和其他因素 Identify key assumptions,constraints and other factors that may impact project success

D.审查组织结构,以便与来自不同地点的团队进行有效协作 Review the organizational structure to effectively work with teams from different locations


参考答案:C


解析:PMBOK(6),P78,4.1.1.3事业环境因素。不同的地理位置、不同的文化背景,都是不受项目经理主观意愿影响的因素。选项A:与事业环境因素关系不大;选项B:甘特图主要用于进度的把控,B本身说法错误。选项D:组织结构只显示汇报关系。


第1365题 项目执行六周后,一位关键干系人请求一项变更。干系人指出这一请求应作为高度优先请求对待。项目经理下一步应该怎么做?
Six weeks into project execution,a key stakeholder requests a change.The stakeholder states that this request should be treated as high priority. What should the project manager do next?


A.指示团队实施 Direct the team to implement the change

B.检查范围说明书以确定变更是否符合范围 Check the scope statement to determine if the change is within scope

C.寻求专家建议,以更好地了解和评估该变更的重要性 Seek expert advice to better understand and evaluate the importance of change

D.向变更控制委员会(CCB)签发一份变更请求,并沟通其优先级 Issue a change request to the change control board(CCB),and communicate its priority


参考答案:D


解析:PMBOK(6)P113,4.6-实施整体变更控制。对变更的管理要遵循整体变更控制流程,由于干系人要求“高度优先请求对待”,所以可以沟通变更请求的优先级。选项A,未经批准即实施错误。选项B,只评估了变更请求对范围的影响,存在缺失。选项C包含在了D选项当中。


第1366题 项目经理得知在他不知情的情况下己经为项目分配了资源,经过调查,项目经理发现这些资源需求是合理的。若要避免这种沟通不畅的情况,项目经理事先应该做什么?
A project manager learns that there are resources that have been assigned to the project without their awareness. After investigation,the project manager discovers that the resources were legitimately require What should the project manager have done to avoid this miscommunication?


A.亲自创建资源管理计划 Personally created the resource management plan

B.更新采购和成本管理计划 Updated the procurement and cost management plans

C.明确定义并沟通每个资源的角色与职责 Clearly defined and communicated the roles and responsibilities of each resource

D.修订沟通管理计划 Revised the communications management plan


参考答案:D


解析:PMBOK(6)P366-10.1规划沟通管理。信息的传递遇到阻碍,需要提前制定沟通管理计划。干系人管理与沟通管理容易混淆在一起,要注意目前暴露出来的问题集中在人上还是集中在信息的传递上,所以排除AB。 选项C:仍然属于资源管理计划,不要被“沟通”两个字蒙蔽了,这里的沟通指的是传递和同步。


第1367题 项目经理在一个平衡矩阵式组织中管理一个中等优先级项目。现在,更高优先级的项目需要该项目的一些团队成员。若要确定哪些资源对其项目可用,项目经理应该做什么?
The project manager manages a medium priority project in a balanced matrix organization. Now, higher priority projects require some team members from that project. What should a project manager do to determine which resources are available for their project?


A.与每个资源核对,以了解他们的工作量 Check with each resource to undermine their workload

B.审查资源管理计划 Review the resource management plan.

C.询问项目管理办公室(PMO) Ask the project management office(PMO).

D.与职能经理沟通 Communicate with the functional managers.


参考答案:B


解析:PMBOK(6)P319- 9.1.3.1 资源管理计划。资源的可用性在资源管理计划里。 其他选项:A一个个核对不需要,看文件就行。C无须上报找领导。D,有现成的文件,不用找职能经理。


第1368题 一个全球项目的项目管理计划获批两周后,项目经理意识到,虽然计划已获批准,但对于项目经理提交审批的计划,国际干系人有不同程度的理解。项目经理本应采取什么措施来阻止这种情况发生?Two weeks after the approval of the project management plan for a global project, the project manager noticed that it was approved based on a different level of understanding by international stakeholders and is not what the project manager presented for approval. What should the project manager have done to prevent this from happening?


A.针对各个文化和时区,分别召开启动会议。Ran separate kick-off meetings for each culture and time zone.

B.在启动会议上确认各干系人的理解情况。Validated each stakeholder's understanding during the kick-off meeting.

C.在启动会议后将会议纪要发给各干系人。Sent the meeting minutes to the stakeholders after the kick-off meeting.

D.在启动会议结束后,立即审查所有批准。Reviewed all the approvals immediately after the kick-off meeting was over.


参考答案:B


解析:PMBOK(6),P86,4.2.2.4-会议。项目管理计划虽然获得了批准,但是干系人仍然存在异议,缺少了一个确认反馈的程序。这个程序适合在开工会议上完成。在开工会议上,项目经理向与会人员介绍此次项目的实施方案,接受与会人员的质询,对与会人员的困惑、疑虑进行澄清,获得与会人员的的任何和承诺,因此选项B正确。为了能够在开工会议上进行有效讨论,在开会之前建议将相关文件提前发送给干系人,供其提前进行查阅。选项A,将启动会议以文化、时区进行切割,会减少干系人之间对项目管理计划充分讨论的机会,不便于充分暴露问题。选项C,在会议举行后,形成会议纪要,指导下一步的工作,在B选项之后。选项D,开工会议之后要根据会议所达成的共识对项目管理计划进行更新,并获得关键干系人的批准,所以会后审查所有批准有误。


第1369题 一个项目需要进行在一个新国家销售产品的可行性研究,项目经理应该使用什么合同类型?
A project requires that a feasibility study be conducted for the sale of products in a new country. What type of contract should the project manager use?


A.成本加奖励费用合同(CPAF) Cost plus award fee(CPAF).

B.成本加激励费用合同(CPIF) Cost plus incentive fee(CPIF).

C.工料合同(T&M) Time and material(T&M).

D.总价加经济价格调整合同(FP-EPA) Fixed price with economic price adjustment(FP-EPA).


参考答案:C


解析:PMBOK(6),P472,12.1.1.6组织过程资产-工料合同。因为该项目处在可行性研究阶段,项目的工作范围是还不明确的;而且还是在新国家进行的可行性研究,这个过程一般会采取专家判断法,因此工料合同是合适的。


第1370题 一家公司准备重新启动一个暂停的项目。遗憾的是,整个项目团队均已解散。项目经理应该使用什么来重新制定项目计划?
A company is ready to re-initiate a project that was put on hold Unfortunately, the entire project team was release What should the project manager use to replan the project?


A.经验教训储存库 Lessons learned repository

B.项目发起人的意见 Sponsors'input

C.商业论证 Business case

D.可行性研究 Feasibility study


参考答案:A


解析:PMBOK(6)P84-4.2.1.4组织过程资产。之前暂停的项目会有大量的经验教训。现在需要制定项目计划,以组织过程资产作为制定项目管理计划的输入, A最合题意。 其他选项:B题目没有提及发起人相关,明显不对,CD是启动阶段的输入。


第1371题 一个项目落后于进度,并超出预算。由于干系人压力增大,项目团队是在高压下工作,这导致了质量与生产经理之间的冲突,每一方都为项目延误和成本超支而指责对方。项目经理应该怎么做?
A project is behind schedule and over budget. As a result of increased stakeholder pressure, the project team has been placed under serious duress. This causes a conflict between the quality and production managers, with each blaming the other for the delays and cost overruns. What should the project manager do?


A.与两位经理会面,并要求他们立即结束冲突,以避免对项目造成负面影响 Meet with both managers, and ask them to immediately and end the conflict to avoid negatively impacting the project.

B.与干系人讨论该情况,并遵照他们的建议处理冲突 Discuss the situation with the stakeholders, and follow their suggestions for dealing with the conflict.

C.与两位经理的主管会面,讨论可能的行动 Meet with the managers' supervisors to discuss possible actions.

D.查阅团队章程以了解如何处理这个冲突的指导方针 Refer to the team charter for guidelines on how to deal with this conflict.


参考答案:C


解析:PMBOK(6),348,9.5.2.1人际关系与团队技能。人际关系与团队技能包括且不限于冲突管理、制定决策、情商、影响力、领导力等。为确保后续合作顺利,遇冲突优先合作/解决,这就需要先了解情况。选项A:直接采取强迫的方式进行处理,过于武断,排除。选项B:冲突的能解决由项目经理主导,所以遵循干系人的建议来处理冲突也是不恰当的。选项D:团队章程包括的是冲突处理过程。


第1372题 项目进度会议通过虚拟电话会议进行。在每次项目进度会议中,一名团队成员在讨论过程中不断打断其他人。其他团队成员通常没有机会交谈或完成他们的解释。项目经理应该做什么? Project progress meetings occur via virtual conference calls. In every project progress meeting, one team member continuously interrupts others during discussions. Other team members often have no opportunity to talk or complete their explanations. What should the project manager do?


A.与不参与对话的团队成员单独交谈。 Speak individually with the team members who do not participate in conversations.

B.利用议程有效地管理时间,并要求每位参与者做出贡献。 Manage time efficiently using the agenda and ask each participant to contribute.

C.与总是干扰谈话的团队成员单独交谈。 Speak individually with the team member who always disrupts the conversations.

D.开始会议时,首先回顾基本规则、会议目标和问题。 Start the meeting with a review of the ground rules, meeting objectives, and the agenda.


参考答案:D


解析:题干关键词“每次”,说明该情况不是初次发生,这时再单独沟通不在适合,选项D最佳,其提供了面对整个团队澄清对会议目的和目标的任何困惑或误解的机会。


第1373题 在评审会议期间,开发人员识别到存在产品性能的风险。项目经理应该做什么?
During a review meeting,a developer identifies a risk in the product's performance. What should the project manager do?


A.使用专家判断进行独立风险评估 Use expert judgment for an independent risk assessment.

B.分配另一名开发人员解决该问题 Assign another developer to fix the issue.

C.提出变更请求 Initiate a change request.

D.更新项目文件 Update project documents.


参考答案:D


解析:PMBOK(6)P417- 11.2.3.1风险登记册。识别完风险,更新到风险登记册,风险登记册会随着风险管理的流程不断更新。D中的项目文件指得就是风险登记册。 其他选项:先D,再A,后面必要的时候进行BC。


第1374题 一个大型项目的工作分解结构(WBS)显示,2级项目计划几乎没有提供有关活动,依赖关系以及所需资源的信息。若要评估项目持续时间,项目经理应该做什么:
The work breakdown structure(WBS)for a large project shows that level 2plans provide little information on activities,dependencies,and required resources. What should the project manager do to assess the project'sduration?


A.制定WBS词典 Develop a WBS dictionary.

B.执行自下而上估算 Perform bottom-up estimating.

C.分析资源分解结构(RBS) Analyze the resource breakdown structure(RBS).

D.制定资源日历 Develop the resource calendar.


参考答案:A


解析:PMBOK(6),P162,5.4.3.1范围基准-WBS词典。题干中提到的活动的逻辑关系、所需要的资源都在WBS词典里。


第1375题 开发团队完成了一个最先进的软件项目,并计划启动收尾阶段。但是,由于不符合约定可交付成果,一位关键干系人拒绝签字。若要促进验收,项目经理应该怎么做?
A development team completed a state-of-the-art software project and plans to initiate the closing phase,However, one key stakeholder refused to sign off due to of non-conformance with the agreed upon deliverables. What should the project manager do to facilitate acceptance?


A.为可交付成果的变更提供新的工作说明书(SOW) Provide a new statement of work (SOW) for the variation in the deliverables

B.记录不合格情况并启动变更管理过程 Document the nonconformists and start the change management process

C.记录不合格情况并启动项目收尾 Record the nonconformists and initiate project closure

D.执行偏差分析以确定可交付成果中的任何偏差 Conduct a variance analysis to identify any deviations in deliverables


参考答案:B


解析:PMBOK(6)P166- 5.5.3.3 变更请求 "不符合约定可交付成果,干系人拒绝签字", 即表示项目未通过正式验收, 需要走变更流程,对已经完成但未通过正式验收的可交付成果及其未通过验收的原因,应该记录在案。可能需要针对这些可交付成果提出变更请求,开展缺陷补救。 其他选项:验收不通过,要第一时间变更,采取缺陷补救。然后再考虑AD,C的流程不正确,不能带着问题收尾。


第1376题 一个项目需要工程部门的专业技术知识。但是,高级工程师正在领导另一个单独项目的团队,唯一可用的资源是一位初级工程师。高级工程师受到客户的高度推崇,也受到项目经理的青睐。项目经理首先应该做什么才能让高级工程师参与这个项目?
A project requires specialized technical expertise from the engineering department. However,the senior engineer is leading a team on separate project, and the only available resource is an entry-level engineer. The senior engineer is highly regarded by the customer and the preferred by the project manager. What should the project manager do first to obtain the senior engineer's participation in this project?


A.使用高级工程师的师资拟定工作描述,以聘请一位资质相当的高级工程师 Develop a job description using the senior engineer's qualifications to hire a comparable senior engineer.

B.立即要求项目发起人升级上报这项资源要求 Immediately ask the project sponsor to escalate this resource requirement.

C.与工程部门经理开会,讨论可让高级工程师参与的方案 Meet with the engineering department manager to discuss options for making the senior.

D.要求分配高级工程师,以提高客户对交付优质产品的信息 Demand that the senior engineer is assigned to increase customer confidence in the delivery of a quality product.


参考答案:C


解析:PMBOK(6)P328-9.3获取资源。因为集体劳资协议、分包商人员使用、矩阵型项目环境、内外部报告关系或其他原因,项目管理团队可能不对资源选择有直接控制权。内部资源由职能经理或资源经理负责获 取或分配。资源被占用,首先尝试与职能部门经理谈判协商让出资源。 选项A:如果协商无果且无其他替代资源时再启动招募,人员的招募需要时间成本和财务成本,在A之后。 选项B:如果职能部门经理拒绝提供资源时,由发起人干预,在C之后。


第1377题 按照既定的变更管理程序,一项变更请求获得批准,在实施该变更过程中一位高级管理人员对其未参与批准变更表示很惊讶,因为该变更的规模和成本都很大。若要避免这个问题,项目经理应该事先做什么?
A change request was approved according to established change management procedures, during its implementation.a senior executive expresses surprise at not being involved in this approval, since the size and cost of the change was significant. What should the project manager have done to prevent this?


A.制定变更管理流程,要求根据成本估算需要不同的审批级别 Established a change management process, the required different approval levels depending upon cost estimates

B.确保项目团队接受培训,以识别该高级管理人员应该参与变更管理流程的情况 Ensured that the project team was trained to identify situations in which the senior executive should be involved in the change management process

C.在项目的规划阶段,让该高级管理人员参与变更管理流程的设计 Involve the senior executive in the design of the change management process during the project’s planning phase

D.在提交变更请求之前先咨询该高级管理人员的意见 Consulted with the senior executive prior to submitting the change request


参考答案:C


解析:PMBOK(6)P530-13.4 监督干系人参与。本身已经按照流程走了,CCB也批准了,因此并非现有变更流程执行的问题。这个干系人没有参与批准,属于后面跳出来的干系人,因此属于变更流程设计的问题。 其他选项:A,有流程;B项目团队的培训没有必要 。D,流程中没规定,就没必要咨询他。


第1378题 项目经理正在编写采购工作说明书(SOW),以分包新工厂的机器安装任务。项目经理应该查阅哪一份文件来确保其与项目目标一致?
A project manager is writing this procurement statement of work (SOW) to subcontract a new plant's machinery installation, Which document should the project manager refer to ensure it is consistent with the project objectives?


A.供方选择标准 Source selection criteria

B.项目章程 Project charter.

C.采购文件 Procurement documents.

D.项目管理计划 Project management plan.


参考答案:B


解析:PMBOK(6),P468,12.1.1.1项目章程。项目章程包括目标、项目描述、总体里程碑,以及预先批准的财务资源。项目目标在项目章程里,编制SOW需要参考。其他选项:ACD中都没有项目目标。


第1379题 项目管理办公室(PMO)分配一名项目经理管理一个新项目。该项目经理过去曾成功管理类似项目。项目经理首先应该做什么?
A project management office (PMO) assigns a project manager to a new project. The project manager has successfully managed similar projects in the past. What should the project manager do first?


A.根据之前项目的经验教训评估项目 Assess the project based on lessons learned from previous projects.

B.识别干系人,并创建一份干系人分析 Identify stakeholders and create a stakeholder analysis.

C.招募团队成员 Acquire team members.

D.批准项目章程 Approve the project charter.


参考答案:A


解析:PMBOK(6),P79,4.1.1.4-组织过程资产- 历史信息与经验教训知识库。 “项目经理过去曾成功管理类似项目” 暗示有经验可以参考,则历史信息和经验教训这些组织过程资产将有利于新项目。A最切题。BCD都与题干提到的类似项目无关。


第1380题 项目经理应该使用哪一项工具或技术来执行定性风险分析?
Which tool or technology should the project manager use to perform qualitative risk analysis?


A.概率分布 Probability distribution

B.决策树分析 Decision tree analysis

C.概率和影响矩阵 Probability and impact matrix

D.成本风险模拟 Cost risk simulation


参考答案:C


解析:PMBOK(6),P423,11.3.2.3数据分析。只有C是定性分析的工具,BD是定量风险分析的工具。


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