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项目管理专业人士资格认证(PMP)题库(1459题)


第1321题 项目的状态更新与干系人参与计划不符,项目经理应该怎么做?
A project’s status update was not accordance with the stakeholder management plan. What should the project manager do?


A.请求高级管理层提供建议 Ask senior management for advice

B.审查沟通管理计划 Audit the communication management plan

C.进行项目审查 Do a Post- project review

D.执行检查和审计 Perform inspections and audits


参考答案:B


解析:PMBOK(6)P377- 10.1.3.1 沟通管理计划。项目状态更新,属于项目信息问题,应该审核沟通管理计划。 其他选项:其他选项都与项目信息无关


第1322题 团队中有一个成员在每日站会上总是迟到。项目经理该怎么做? One of the team members is always late to the daily standup meeting. What should the project manager do?


A.把会议安排在一天结束的时候,以便容纳所有人。 Schedule the meeting at the end of the day to accommodate everyone.

B.忽略这种情况,因为团队成员正在完成他们的可交付物。 Ignore the situation since the team member is accomplishing their deliverables.

C.加强与整个团队的站立会议的基本规则。 Reinforce the ground rules for standup meetings with the entire team.

D.直接与团队成员交谈,强调基本规则。 Speak with the team member directly to reinforce the ground rules.


参考答案:D


解析:违规行为需要进行管理和纠正,考点:新考纲人员领域任务。


第1323题 在项目进度计划确认会议上,项目发起人要求比原计划提前一个月交付一项重要的软件功能,项目经理建议快速跟进进度。哪一个解决方案与项目经理的建议相对应?
During a project schedule validation meeting, the project sponsor requests that an important software feature be delivered one month earlier than planned.The project manager suggests task tracking the schedule. Which solution corresponds with the project manager's suggestion?


A.推迟文档活动 Postponing documentation activities

B.为测试和文档活动增加资源 Adding resources to testing and documentation activities

C.减少测试和文档活动的持续时间 Reducing the durations of testing and documentation

D.测试和文档阶段并行 Overtopping the testing and documentation phases


参考答案:D


解析:PMBOK(6)P228- 6.6.2.6 进度压缩-快速跟进。快速跟进是进度压缩技术其中一种,它将正常情况下按顺序进行的活动或阶段改为至少是部分并行开展。题干说了,要快速跟进,那就并行任务即可,选择D。


第1324题 一个软件开发项目的项目章程已获批准,项目经理召集会议准备项目管理计划,项目经理得知开发团队成员对他们的角色和职责感到困惑。若要避免这个问题,项目经理应该事先做什么?
Approval of the project charter for a software development project has been obtained and the project manager calls a meeting to prepare the project management plan. The project manager learns that the development team members are confused about their roles and responsibilities. What should the project manager have done to avoid this?


A.审查沟通管理计划 Reviewed the communication management plan.

B.制定项目资源管理计划 Developed the project resource management plan.

C.创建一份干系人登记册 Created a stakeholder register.

D.分享工作分解结构(WBS) Shared the work breakdown structure(WBS).


参考答案:B


解析:PMBOK(6)P318- 9.1.3.1资源管理计划。团队的角色与职责在资源管理计划里。 其他选项:A沟通管理计划是关于项目沟通的信息,C干系人登记册记录了干系人的基本信息,DWBS为范围基准的一部分。


第1325题 项目经理加入一个大型全球项目,其中包含几位来自不同国家的人员,在规划阶段即将结束时,项目经理为项目启动大会准备了一份会议议程,其中一个议程事项是获得几个关键项目要素的一致性,在项目启动大会之前,项目经理应该怎么做?
A Project manager join a large global project with resources form several from different countries, near the end of the planning phase, the project manager prepares an agenda for the project start off meeting , one agenda item alignment on several key project elements, what should the project manager do before the kick-off meeting?


A.制定干系人登记册,概述每位干系人的责任 Develop A stakeholder register outlining the responsibilities of each of each project stakeholder

B.详细审查项目目标,以确保所有参与者都了解项目目标 Conduct a detailed Review of project objectives to ensure that all participants are aware of project goals

C.协同制定项目章程,并明确定义项目的进度计划、范围和预算 Work collaboratively to develop a project charter, and clearly define the project’s schedule, scope and budget

D.审查最终的工作分解结构(WBS),以便所有参与者都可以在会议中分配到任务 Review the finalized work breakdown structure (WBS) so all participants leave the meeting with assigned tasks


参考答案:B


解析:PMBOK(6),P86-4.2.2.4 会议。题干明确说“规划阶段即将结束”,需要“启动大会”。项目启动大会就是要传达项目目标,获得干系人的承诺的,因此B选项最合适。其他选项:规划结束后开的是Kick off会议,因此非启动阶段,AC都是启动阶段做的事,D的后半句不对,干系人的任务不是在会议中分配的。


第1326题 在一个项目即将完成时,一位干系人被替换,项目团队正在忙着完成剩余几项需求的开发,项目经理与新干系人的第一次会议安排在下周,但该干系人已经发送了几封电子邮件,要求变更已经实施的要求,项目经理下一步应该怎么做?
As a project nears completion, a stakeholder is replaced, the project team is busy completing development of the few remaining requirements, the project manager’s first meeting with the new stakeholders is next week, but the stakeholder has already sent several emails, asking for change to requirements that have already been implemented, what should the project manager do next?


A.通知该新干系人,在项目后期变更需求将导致成本和进度超支 Inform the new stakeholder that changes to requirements this later in the project will result in cost and schedule overruns

B.与团队讨论所请求的变更,并确定将其纳入最终可交付成果的影响 Discuss the requested changes with the team and determine the impact of incorporating them into the final deliverables

C.要求管理层一起参加与该新干系人的会议,以讨论该问题 Ask management to attend the meetings with the new stakeholder to discuss the issue

D.通知该新干系人无法实施所请求的变更,因为它们未包含在已批准的范围内 Inform the new stakeholder that the requested changes cannot be implemented as they are not included in the approved scope


参考答案:B


解析:PMBOK(6),P113,4.6-实施整体变更控制。干系人发出邮件“要求变更”,干系人提出变更后,项目经理和团队和分析变更造成的影响。其他选项:ACD都不是正确的变更流程方式,是典型的错误。


第1327题 一个涉及国家教育新标准的项目正在执行中,在确认准备好的教科书期间,团队成员发现某些书籍不符合事先定义的项目标准。项目经理应该参考下列哪一项来确认这个问题?
A project involving new national standards for education was under way, and during confirmation of the prepared textbooks, team members found that some of the books did not conform to predefined project standards. Which of the following should the project manager refer to to identify the problem?


A.范围基准和质量核对单 Scope baseline and quality checklist

B.进度基准和质量核对单 Schedule baseline and quality checklist

C.项目基准和质量核对单 Project baseline and quality checklist

D.范围基准和质量测量指标 Scope baseline and quality metrics


参考答案:D


解析:PMBOK(6),P165,5.5.1 确认范围:输入&P300,8.3.1控制质量:输入。 “发现不符合事先定义的项目标准”,可以确认可交付成果的验收标准,验收标准在范围基准里。产品是否满足验收标准,也可以在质量测量指标的参考中体现。其他选项:验收标准在范围基准里,首先排除BC,质量测量指标不仅包括待测量的指标,也包括测量方法;而质量核对单则是用来核实所要求的一系列步骤是否已经执行的清单。因此整体来看,D更合适。


第1328题 一个项目的日程安排有延迟,这使得团队不得不加班以达到关键里程碑。这导致了团队成员之间的一些误解。项目发起人已分配了一笔奖金。项目经理应该如何利用奖励? A project had scheduling delays, which necessitated the team to work overtime to meet critical milestones. This led to some misunderstandings among team members. The project sponsor has allocated a monetary award. How should the project manager utilize the award?


A.与团队成员见面,询问他们如何使用奖励。 Meet with the team members and ask them how to spend the rewar

B.为所有团队成员安排午餐,并包括团队建设课程。 Arrange a luncheon for all team members and include team-building sessions.

C.起草一项积分制度,为每项资源拨出一部分资金。 Draft a points system to allocate a portion of the money for each resource.

D.将奖励分配给团队领导人,让他们在他们认为合适的情况下花在团队上。 Allocate the reward to the team leaders to spend on the team as they see fit.


参考答案:A


解析:项目经理应与团队成员会面,讨论如何使用奖励。这有助于提高士气,减少团队之间的误解。它还让团队成员对奖励的使用有一种所有权和控制权,这可以提高他们对项目的动机和承诺。项目经理还可以收集团队成员的意见,并就如何最好地利用奖励来造福团队做出集体决定。


第1329题 —名新成员加入团队,该团队的报告结构发生多次变更。若要快速使这位新团队成员适应,项目经理应该查阅哪一份文件?
A new member joins the team and the team's reporting structure has changed for several times. Which document should the project manager review to quickly get the new team member adapted?


A.项目组织图 Project Organization Chart

B.层级资源图 Hierarchical Resources Map

C.责任分配矩阵(RAM) Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RAM)

D.资源管理计划 Resources Control Plan


参考答案:A


解析:PMBOK(6)P319- 9.1.3.1资源管理计划-项目组织图。项目组织图以图形方式展示项目团队成员及其报告关系。题干中明确提到了报告结构,因此,选择项目组织图更准确。 其他选项:B不存在,C只确认了角色与职责的关系。D资源管理计划虽然包括了项目组织图,但是项目组织图明显更加准确。


第1330题 一个项目正处于执行阶段,为了节省时间和获得奖金,团队成员希望快速交付一些已准备好的可交付成果,因此必须删去质量控制相关的任务。项目经理应该怎么做?
A project is in its execution phase,and some deliverables are almost ready to go to the client.Team members want to quickly hand off these deliverables to save time and receive their bonus.To achieve this quality-control-related basks will need to be eliminate.What should the project manager do?


A.完成项目,签发变更请求,并而请求一支新资源替换不合规的部分 Finalize the project,issued a change request and request a new team due to noncompliance.

B.向项目发起人和管理层报告该问题,防止支付效率奖金 Reports the issue to the project sponsors and management to prevent the efficiency bonus from being pay

C.让团队成员查阅质量管理计划并向项目发起人报告道德问题 Refer the team members to the quality management plan and report ethics to the project sponsor.

D.将可能不满足客户要求的风险更新到风险登记册中 Update the risk register with potential unmet customer requirements.


参考答案:C


解析:PMBOK(6),P286,8.1.3.1质量管理计划。团队成员为了奖金,选择忽视质量,偷工减料。不可取,要让团队成员必须按照质量管理计划来做。其他选项:A直接收尾项目不对,B后半句不对,D也接受了成员的建议不对。


第1331题 一个搜索引擎优化(SEO)项目的项目经理向关键干系人演示项目管理计划。在演示完成后,项目经理收到的问题表明,一些项目干系人未能完全理解所讨论的一些信息。项目经理应该怎么做?
A project manager presents the project management plan to key stakeholders for a search engine optimization (SEO) project. Following the presentation,the project manager receive questions indicating that some stakeholders fail to fully understand some of the information discuses What should the project manager do?


A.使用历史信息来帮助提高干系人的理解 Use historical information to help increase stakeholders understanding

B.审查干系人的期望和风险阈值 Review the stakeholders,expectations and risk thresholds

C.采取引导措施,确保明确澄清任何误解 Employ facilitation to ensure that any misunderstandings are clearly addressed

D.指派一名团队成员来澄清误解 Assign a team member to clarify misunderstandings


参考答案:C


解析:PMBOK(6)P86- 4.2.2.3人际关系与团队技能-引导。“干系人未能完全理解”,可以用引导方式,引导者确保参与者有效参与,互相理解,考虑所有意见,按既定决策流程全力支持得到的结论或结果。干系人不理解,因此用引导这个工具,确保干系人互相理解。 其他选项:引导的定义里面明确了可以促进干系人的理解。澄清是最直接的。D让团队成员不合适。A历史信息也不合适。B在引导失败的情况下再做。


第1332题 项目即将完成一个重要阶段,项目经理正在获得资源开始下一个阶段,在准备阶段收尾时,项目经理评审了绩效测量指标,发现不明原因的变化。项目经理应该怎么做?
The project is about to complete an important phase,the project manager is obtaining resources to kick off the next phase,at the closing of the preparation phase,the project manager reviews the performance measurement indicators and finds unexplained changes. What should the project manager do?


A.检查之前项目的知识库 To check the knowledge base of the previous project

B.在经验教训会上进行因果分析 To perform cause-effect analysis at lessons learned

C.在团队会议上评审测量指标 To review measurement metrics at the team meeting

D.将工作分解结构(WBS)与实际可交付成果对比 To compare the Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) and actual deliverables


参考答案:B


解析:PMBOK(6)P126,4.7.2.2-数据分析,对于发现的问题要进行分析。选项A,组织过程资产提供借鉴。选项C,当前问题的焦点是绩效测量指标出现了不明原因的变化,不是绩效测量指标不合理,所以评审不解决问题。选项D,可能出现B选项的分享过程当中。


第1333题 在收到软件开发项目的可交付成果时,客户发现没有遵守他们的编码标准,最终产品不符合质量要求。项目经理下一步应该怎么做?
Upon receipt of a software development project deliverable,the customer identifies that their coding standards, were not followed and that the final product fails to meet quality requirements. What should the project manager do next?


A.查看质量管理计划 Review the quality management plan

B.开展质量审计 Conduct a quality audit

C.审查项目基准 Review the project baseline

D.与客户协商接受可交付成果 Negotiate with the customer to accept the deliverable


参考答案:A


解析:PMBOK(6)P286- 8.1.3.1质量管理计划。题目是两个问题:1、不遵守流程,2、最终产品不符合质量。第一个问题可以用质量审计,属于管理质量过程;第二个问题要修复缺陷,属于控制质量过程只有A同时指导管理质量过程和控制质量过程。 其他选项:B被包含在A中,C项目基准不含质量,D明确不合格,协商没有用。


第1334题 一个团队意识到项目无法访问完成当前迭代所依赖的数据;然而,该团队不确定消除这一障碍的可用选项。项目经理接下来应该做什么? A team realizes that there is no access to data that the project depends on to complete the current iteration. This dependency was known; however, the team is unsure of the available options to remove this obstacle. What should the project manager do next?


A.指导团队确定替代方案。 Guide the team to determine alternatives.

B.将依赖任务移动到下一次迭代。 Move the dependent task to the next iteration.

C.将问题升级到公司的IT经理。 Escalate the issue to the company's IT manager.

D.将问题升级到项目发起人。 Escalate the issue to the project sponsor.


参考答案:A


解析:选A,作为项目经理,第一步是与团队一起分析情况,并确定消除障碍的潜在替代方案。只有在没有其他替代方案或问题严重且紧急时,才应考虑将从属任务转移到下一次迭代或将问题升级到更高级别。


第1335题 在项目执行期间,出现了一个无法识别根本原因的问题。项目经理可以使用什么工具来识别根本原因?
After project implementation, a problem that cannot be identified happens. What tool could the project manager use to identify the root cause?


A.核查表 Checklist

B.石川图 Ishikawa Diagram

C.散点图 Scatter Plot

D.树图 Tree Diagram


参考答案:B


解析:PMBOK(6),P304,8.3.2.5数据表现。因果图,又称“鱼骨图”、“why-why分析图”和“石川图”,将问题陈述的原因分解为离散的分支,有助于识别问题的主要原因或根本原因。


第1336题 在审查所有项目的财务业绩时,项目管理办公室(PMO)提出对一个项目感到担忧,根据项目所有者和干系人的反馈,项目经理确信项目表现良好。项目经理可以应用哪一个指标来量化其假设?
While reviewing the financial performance of all projects,the project management office (PMO) raises one project as a concern. The project manager is confident that this project is performing well based on project owner and stakeholder feedback. What metric should the project manager apply to quantify their assumption?Earned value (EV)?


A.成本绩效指数(CPI) Cost performance index(CPI).

B.财务绩效 Financial performance.

C.挣值(EV) Earned value(EV).

D.成本基准对比 Cost baseline comparison.


参考答案:A


解析:PMBOK(6)P257-7.4 控制成本。项目财务业绩,即项目目前为止是超支了还是节约了,这个可以从CPI看出来。BD没有这种项目指标,C不能单独判断。


第1337题 发起人支持运用敏捷方法。项目经理正在考虑如何推出敏捷方法并争取项目团队成员和干系人的认同,项目经理首先应该做什么?The sponsor is supportive in leveraging agile approaches. The project manager is contemplating how to roll out the agile approach and gain buy-in from both project team members and stakeholders. What should the project manager do first?


A.确定如何运用敏捷技术(包括组织培训和沟通)进行组织变革。Determine how to transform the organization using agile techniques including organizational training and communications.

B.选择当前的一个预测型项目,定义方法,并提供敏捷培训,以便执行项目的剩余部分。Select a current predictive project, define the approach, and provide agile training to execute the remainder of the project.

C.先从一个复杂性适当的试点项目开始,并向受影响的人员提供敏捷培训。Start with a pilot project of appropriate complexity, and provide agile training to those who are impacted.

D.确定将需要哪些敏捷软件工具,来支持组织中的敏捷交付。Determine which agile software tools will be required to support agile delivery within the organization.


参考答案:C


解析:PMBOK(6),P4,1.2.1-项目。在项目的特点中,我们提到项目可以驱动组织变更(变革),也就是说,项目是组织变更(变革)的途径。所以选项A的说法存在着问题,项目经理是没有办法决定组织变更(变革)的,组织变革主要来源于组织管理层的推动。但是项目经理可以参与进去,提出对变更方法的建议或者以试点项目的方式来争取干系人对变更(变革)的信心。尤其是在一些已经出现僵化迹象的组织当中,变更(变革)的阻力还是非常强的,以休克式的方式进行变更(变革)存在着非常大的难度,C选项正确。选项B,预测型到敏捷方法的过渡不是泾渭分明的,这种过渡也被成为“全频谱”。选项D,敏捷的转型,首先源于思想而不是工具,排除。


第1338题 项目经理正在执行一个历时数年的大型跨国项目,除了一个地区外,项目经理确定所在地区的成本偏差(CV)均低于10%。若要避免这个问题,项目经理应该事先做什么?
A project manager is executing a larger-scale, multi-national project that will span several years. The project manager identifies that the cost variance (CV)is under 10 percent in all regions except one. What should the project manager have done to avoid do?


A.考虑所有地区的汇率和通货膨胀率 Considered exchange and inflation rates in all regions.

B.将汇率和通货膨胀率记录在风险登记册中 Logged exchange and the inflation rates in the risks register.

C.为该地区包含应急费用 Included contingencies for that region.

D.请求额外的资源 Requested additional resources.


参考答案:B


解析:PMBOK(6),P245,7.2.2.6 储备分析。题干的意思是说,10&以内的偏差是正常的,但是有一个国家大于了10%,因此推断是当时这个国家的汇率或通货膨胀率有问题,因此应该把这个风险登记在风险登记册中。其他选项:A数年的项目会考虑到正常的通货膨胀率。C在B的后面做,D没作用。


第1339题 一个构建新产品的项目包含了一项设计,而该设计使用了两个现有产品的一些功能,但是,新产品需要比其前代产品更大型且更便宜。项目经理查看两个现有产品的文件,并与工程总监讨论对最终成本的影响。项目经理将使用什么技术来估算成本?
A project to build a new product consists of a design that uses some of the features of two existing products, but the new product needs to be larger and cheaper than its predecessor. The project manager looks at the files for the two existing products and discusses the impact on the final cost with the engineering director. What technology will the project manager use to estimate costs?


A.建模和成本预测 Modeling and cost forecasting

B.类比估算和参数估算 Analog estimation and parameter estimation

C.专家判断和成本汇总 Expert judgment and cost summary

D.自下而上估算和计划评审技术分析 Bottom-up estimation and plan review technical analysis


参考答案:B


解析:PMBOK(6),P244,7.2.2估算成本:工具与技术。类比估算和参数估算都是使用历史数据和参数值等进行估算的工具。


第1340题 项目团队中两名最关键的资源私下告知项目经理他们已经辞职并将在一个月内离开项目,这两位成员非常受欢迎,团队中的其他成员也向他们寻求建议和支持。项目经理应该做什么?
Two of the most critical resource on a project team privately informs the project manager that they have resigned and will leave the project within amonth. These member are very popular,and others in the team lock to the advice and support. What should the project manager do?


A.举行团队会议,宣布这两名成员辞职并解决任何疑虑 Conduct a team meeting to announce the resignations and address any concerns.

B.要求团队成员不要讨论这两位成员辞职的信息,以免士气受到影响 Ask the team members to refrain from discussing their resignations so that morale is not impacted.

C.推迟行动,因为这两名成员仍会在团队待一个月 Postpone action,since the two members are still on the team for another month.

D.向所有团队成员发送一封电子邮件,告知这两名成员辞职的信息 Send an email to all team members to inform them of the resignations.


参考答案:A


解析:PMBOK(6)P350- 9.5.3.1变更请求。人员配备变更包括转派人员、外包部分工作,或替换离职人员。人员离职属于人员配备变更,要尽快处理并发出变更请求。 其他选项:BC,离职是无法隐瞒的,同时要尽快安排交接。D,不仅要告之,还要采取行动,以避免对项目的影响。


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