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项目管理专业人士资格认证(PMP)题库(1459题)


第641题 项目经理正在领导一个高度敏感的政府项目,按时交付该项目至关重要。第三方供应商按时交付一个关键项目组件,但不满足规范要求。目前尚不清楚交付的组件是否会按照批准的项目设计进行。项目经理应该做什么?
The project manager is leading a highly sensitive government project, and delivering the project on time is critical. A third-party vendor delivered a critical project component on time, but did not meet the specification requirements. It is unclear whether the delivered components will follow the approved project design.What should the project manager do?


A.接受该组件并按时交付该项目 Accept the component and deliver the project on time

B.要求退还该项目的款项,并告知干系人该延迟情况 Request a refund of the project and inform the parties of the delay

C.与客户协商接受不合格的组件 Negotiate with customers to accept substandard components

D.拒绝该组件并重新订购,并且重新制定项目的进度计划 Reject the component and reorder, and re-schedule the project


参考答案:D


解析:知识点出处: PMBOK 6th   页码:P498 章节:12.3.2.3 绩效审查 :对照协议,对质量、资源、进度和成本绩效进行测量、比较和分析, 以审查合同工作的绩效。其中包括确定工作包提前或落后于进度计划、超出或低于预算,以及是否存在 资源或质量问题。 质量不合格,退了重新定。


第642题 客户所用的软件应用程序已有10个年头,但仍需要该软件支持其业务流程,关联项目干系人认为文件已过时,并需要更换,以便满足当前的信息技术标准。一名项目经理被任命制作商业论证书。商业论证书将用来确定下列哪一项?The customer’s ten year-old software application is still needed to support its business process. The key stakeholders decide that the software is outdated and needs to be replaced current information technology standards. A project manager is assigned to develop a business case. What will the business case be used to determine?


A.整个项目的成本The cost of the whole project

B.项目干系人的决策是否正确Whether stakeholders decision is correct or not

C.项目是否值得进行投资Whether the project is worth investing or not

D.整个项目的持续时间The duration of the entire project


参考答案:C


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P77 章节:4.1.1.1 商业论证:经批准的商业论证或类似文件是最常用于制定项目章程的商业文件。商业论证从商业视角描述必要的信息,并且据此决定项目的期望结果是否值得所需投资。 商业论证包括商业需求成本效益分析。


第643题 在项目开始时,项目经理被要求准备一份快速、高层次成本估算。该项目经理之前从事过一个具有类似规模和复杂性的项目。项目经理应使用下列哪项工具或技术准备估算?
At the beginning of a project, a project manager is asked to prepare a quick, high-level cost estimate. The project manager previously worked on a project of similar size and complexity. What tools and techniques should the project manager use to develop the estimate?


A.三点估算和质量成本(COQ) Three-points estimating and cost of quality (COQ)

B.卖方投标分析和群体决策技术 Vendor bid analysis and group decision-making techniques

C.专家判断和类比估算 Expert judgment and analogous estimating

D.自下而上估算和储备分析 Bottom-up estimating and reserve analysis


参考答案:C


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P244 章节:7.2.2.2 成本类比估算使用以往类似项目的参数值或属性来估算。项目的参数值和属性包括范围、成本、预算、持续时间和规模指标,类比估算以这些项目参数值或属性为基础来估算当前项目的同类参数或指标。 一般题目中出现粗略、需要快速估算、量级字眼,都是选择类比估算。


第644题 在准备项目的第四份状态报告时,项目经理了解到客户正在迁移到新系统。客户通知为了保持一致性,以及为了简化项目报告的审查,所有未来的报告均应使用新系统提交。由于原始系统被定义为在进度报告期间使用的软件,因此项目经理将该问题记录为经验教训。将该问题作为经验教训报告的价值是什么?
While preparing a project's fourth status report,the project manager learns that the client is migrating to a system.The client advises that to maintain uniformity,and to ease the review of project report,all future reports should be submitted using the new system,since the origin system was defined as the software to be used during progress reporting,the project manager records this as a lesson learned. What is the value of reporting this as a lesson learned?


A.它可以作为防止法律诉讼的依据 It could be used as a basis for preventing a lawsuit

B.它可被识别为一个可能发生的问题 It can be identified as a possible issue

C.它可以作为建议合同团队保持灵活性的依据 It can be used a basis for recommending contrast-team flexibility

D.它将有助于防止未来合同中软件规范的遗漏 It will help prevent software specification omissions in future flexibility


参考答案:D


解析:知识点出处: PMBOK 6th 页码:P104 章节:4.4.3.1 经验教训登记册:经验教训登记册可以记录遇到的挑战、问题、意识到的风险和机会,或其他适用的内容。经验教训登记册在早期创建,在整个项目期间,它可以作为很多过程的输入,也可以作为输出而不断更新。 经验教训改善未来绩效,因此参考经验教训,一般不会犯过去的错误。


第645题 你当前的项目刚刚完成了使用预测性项目管理方法的阶段。下一阶段的性质要求项目团队使用敏捷。你希望授权团队进行这种转换,并确保团队成员理解他们的角色和职责将如何变更。首先你应该做什么?
Your current project has just completed a phase that used a predictive project management approach. The nature of the next phase requires that the project team will utilize agile. You want to empower the team for this transition and ensure that the team members understand how their roles and responsibilities will change. What should you do first?


A.与团队合作,确定目标,以便他们可以围绕阶段的目标进行参与和共同努力 Work with the team to define the purpose so they can engage and coalesce around the goal for the phase

B.使用网络实施解决方案,为项目团队消除障碍、阻碍和破坏性 Use network to implement solutions to remove impediments, obstacles, and blockers for the project team

C.确定所有项目干系人的沟通方法、渠道、频率和详细级别 Determine communication methods, channels, frequency, and level of detail for all project stakeholders

D.根据外部业务环境的变更评估和确定对项目待办事项列表的影响的优先级 Assess and prioritize impact on project 待办事项列表 based on changes in the external business environment


参考答案:A


解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P49 章节:5.1 敏捷项目章程:我们为什么要做这个项目?这是项目愿景。谁会从中受益?如何受益?这可能是项目愿景和/或项目目标的一部分。对此项目而言,达到哪些条件才意味着项目完成?这些是项目的发布标准。我们将怎样合作?这说明预期的工作流。 新阶段的敏捷项目,需要项目章程先启动。


第646题 一家公司正在几个国家部署一个新的解决方案。项目经理协商多个虚拟团队,但交付解决方案团队向另一位经理报告工作。在一次组织会议期间,该解决方案团队宣布,由于技术问题,预期解决方案将延迟两个月。项目经理在该会议之前没有意识到这种延迟,现在必须重新制定所有部署的进度计划。若要避免这个问题,项目经理应该事先做什么?
A company is deploying a new solution in several countries. The project manager negotiates multiple virtual teams, but the delivery solution team reports work to another manager. During an organizational meeting, the solution team announced Problem, the expected solution will be delayed for two months. The project manager was unaware of this delay before the meeting and must now reschedule the schedule for all deployments.To avoid this problem, what should the project manager do beforehand?


A.要求直接管理所有团队,以确保监督项目的可交付成果 Requires direct management of all teams to ensure oversight of project deliverable

B.在进度计划中添加特定任务,以解决可能发生的任何未知延迟 Add specific tasks to the schedule to address any unknown delays that may occur

C.确认团队中拥有具备虚拟团队经验的高素质技术专家 Confirm that the team has high-quality technical experts with virtual team experience

D.确保与所有团队定期举行会议,以分享关键信息并预测问题 Ensure regular meetings with all teams to share key information and predict problems


参考答案:D


解析:知识点出处: PMBOK 6th 页码:P340 章节:9.4.2.3 沟通技术 :在解决集中办公或虚拟团队的团队建设问题方面,沟通技术至关重要。它有助于为集中办公团队营造一个融洽的环境, 促进虚拟团队(尤其是团队成员分散在不同时区的团队)更好地相互理解。 虚拟团队的沟通至关重要。


第647题 你的公司被一位客户承包来进行一个软件开发项目。项目将使用敏捷方法来交付产品增量。然而,对于客户来说,该项目将是他们第一次体验敏捷。你想要确保客户端获得软件早期和持续交付的全部好处。你的最佳行动方案是什么?
Your company has been contracted by a client for a software development project. The project will use agile methods to deliver product increments. For the client, however, this project will be their first experience with agile. You want to make sure that the client gains the full benefit of early and continuous delivery of software. What is your best course of action?


A.制定变更管理计划来应对不可避免的变更 Develop a change management plan to address the inevitable changes

B.请求客户参与产品测试以加快交付速度 Request the client to take part in product testing to speed up delivery

C.在项目可交付成果的时间安排上获得与客户的一致 Gain alignment with the client on the timing of project deliverables

D.指导项目团队在单个版本中开发所有功能 Instruct the project team to develop all features in a single release


参考答案:C


解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P55 章节:5.2.5 展示/评审:使项目敏捷的一个基本要素是频繁地交付工作产品。一个没有展示或发布的团队,其学习的速度不会快,并且很可能并未采用敏捷技术。团队可能需要额外的引导来保证频繁的交付。 使用项目敏捷的一个基本要素是频繁地交付工作产品。


第648题 项目经理B临时替换休探亲假的项目经理A,在一次每周进度会议期间,项目经理B发现两名团队成员对可交付成果的质量存在冲突,项目经理B审查质量管理计划,发现未明确定义质量标准,难以轻松衡量质量。项目经理B应该做什么?
Project manager B temporarily replaced project manager A who was on vacation. During a weekly progress meeting, project manager B found that two team members had conflicts with the quality of deliverable. Project manager B reviewed the quality management plan and found that it was not clearly defined quality standards make it difficult to measure quality easily. What should Project Manager B do?


A.与两位团队成员交谈以尝试解决争议 Talk to two team members to try to resolve the dispute

B.等待项目经理A回来,然后再指出问题 Wait for project manager a to come back before pointing out the problem

C.保持质量标准,因为这将使可交付成果获得更多的批准 Maintain quality standards, as this will lead to more approval of deliverable

D.签发变更请求,以更新质量管理计划 Issue a change request to update the quality management plan


参考答案:D


解析:知识点出处: PMBOK 6th 页码:P306 章节:8.3.3.4 变更请求: 如果控制质量过程期间出现了可能影响项目管理计划任何组成部分或项目文件的变更,项目经理应提交变更请求,且应该通过实施整体变更控制过程对变更请求进行审查和处理。 质量不能没标准,发现漏了,要通过变更流程补进去。


第649题 公司授权一个内部Scrum项目为高级管理层开发一个报告工具。由于预算有限,公司要求技术主管同时担任产品负责人。主管与管理层一起开发用户故事。在冲刺审查中,管理代表感到失望,因为工具不是他们所期望的。技术主管今后的最佳行动方案是什么?
A company authorizes an internal scrum project to develop a reporting tool for senior management. Due to a limited budget, the company requests the technical lead to also act as a product owner. The lead works with the management to develop user stories. At the sprint review, the management representative is disappointed as the tool is not what they expected. What is the technical lead’s best course of action going forward?


A.让Scrum主管替产品负责人填写 Ask the scrum master to fill in for the product owner

B.将产品负责人的职责委派给团队成员 Delegate the product owner responsibilities to the team members

C.要求公司提供专门的产品负责人 Ask the company to provide a dedicated product owner

D.继续履行技术领导和产品负责人的职责 Continue to perform the duties of both the technical lead and product owner


参考答案:C


解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:41 章节:4.3.2 产品负责人Product Owner:创建待办列表并排序、确认工作优先顺序、提供反馈、指导开发方向。 PO的角色不可或缺,应该由单独的人来负责。


第650题 在编写第三份进度报告时,项目经理注意到团队成员未能记录他们的任务绩效,若要评估这些任务的进度并最终完成报告,项目经理应该做些什么?
When writing the third progress report, the project manager noticed that team members failed to record their task performance, what should the project manager do to evaluate the progress of these tasks and finally complete the report?


A.使用趋势分析来预测进度 Use trend analysis to predict progress

B.让团队成员提交他们的进度 Have team members submit their progress

C.更新问题日志以报告未提交的进度情况 Update the issue log to report uncommitted progress

D.使用剩余活动计算平均进度 Calculate average progress using remaining activity


参考答案:B


解析:知识点出处: PMBOK 6th 页码:P225 章节:6.6.1.3 工作绩效数据 :工作绩效数据包含关于项目状态的数据,例如哪些活动已经开始,它们的进展如何(如实际 持续时间、剩余持续时间和实际完成百分比), 哪些活动已经完成。 工作绩效数据需要团队成员提交。


第651题 干系人经常打电话和发邮件给开发团队以获取项目的状态,从而对团队的进展产生负面影响。敏捷教练应该如何处理这种情况?
A stakeholder frequently calls and emails the development team to get status on the project, thus negatively affecting the team progress. How should an agile coach handle this situation?


A.将该问题升级上报给项目发起人 Escalate the issue the project sponsor

B.指导干系人进行适当的敏捷实践 Guide the stakeholder on proper agile practices

C.将干系人引荐给产品负责人 Direct the stakeholder to the product owner

D.让团队决定如何处理此问题 Let the team decide on how to handle this issue


参考答案:B


解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P73 章节:6.1.2 变革就绪情况:积极明确的管理层支持;变革管理实践,包括沟通和引导;逐个项目应用敏捷实践向团队增量地引入敏捷实践;以及通过采取适用的敏捷技术和实践示范引导。 组织的变革,需要管理层的支持以及敏捷教练的不断实践。D,团队不解决对外沟通的问题。


第652题 一个开发新药的安全性和有效性可视化的项目正在进行中。Scrum被选为开发方法。在第三次冲刺的中途,项目团队成员发现所提供的数据缺少一个强制性参数。在项目计划期间,获得不完整数据的风险被提前识别并记录在风险登记册中。什么时候是使这个问题浮出水面的最合适的方法?
A project to develop visualizations of the safety and efficacy of a new drug is underway. Scrum has been selected as the development approach. Midway into the third sprint, a project team member finds that the data provided is missing a mandatory parameter. The risk of getting incomplete data was identified and recorded in the risk register earlier, during project planning. When would be the most appropriate approach to surface this problem?


A.问题应作为主题包含来在下次冲刺回顾上进行讨论 The problem should be included as a topic for discussion at the next sprint retrospective.

B.团队成员应在每日Scrum会议上将问题作为障碍提出来 The team member should raise the issue as an impediment during the daily scrum meeting.

C.在冲刺审查中应演示具有缺失参数的产品增量 The product increment with the missing parameter should be demonstrated at the sprint review.

D.已实现的风险应触发并由规划风险应对过程解决 The realized risk should trigger and be addressed by the Plan Risk Responses process.


参考答案:B


解析:知识点出处: 敏捷实践指南 页码:P53 章节:5.2.4 每日站会:• 上次站会以来我都完成 了什么? • 从现在到下一次站会, 我计划完成什么? • 我的障碍(或风险或 问题)是什么? 每日站会会提出问题或风险或障碍。


第653题 一个成本控制敏感的项目团队分布在三个位置——存在时区、语言、沟通问题。若要解决这些问题,项目经理应该怎么做?
A cost-control-sensitive project has teams in three locations-with time-zone, language and communication issues. What should the project manager do to manage these issues?


A.召开定期的视频会议 Hold periodic video-conferencing meetings

B.使用电子邮件让沟通可跟踪 Make communications traceable using email

C.使用拉式沟通方法 Use the pull communication method

D.确保关键任务分配给处于单独位置的团队 Ensure that critical tasks are assigned to a single location


参考答案:B


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P374 章节:10.1.2.5 互动沟通,诸如会议、电话、即时信息、社交媒体   和视频会议等沟通工件。推式沟通,信件、备忘录、报告、电子邮件、传真、语音邮件、博客、新闻稿。拉式沟通,门户网站、企业内网、电子在线课程、经验教训数据库或知识库。时区、语言、沟通都存在问题,同时成本敏感,电子邮件会适合一些。


第654题 你负责的一个大型项目是在你的城市安装5G互联网中心。尽管大多数项目变量都是清晰的,并且可以使用瀑布方法进行管理,但是技术方面并没有完全定义,并且将随着项目的进展进行详细阐述。发起人要求更频繁和更快地交流项目信息。为了满足发起人的要求,你不会使用以下哪个方法?
You are in charge of a large project to install 5G internet hubs across your city. Although most of the project variables are clear and can be managed using the waterfall approach, technical aspects are not fully defined and will be elaborated as the project progresses. The sponsor requests that project information will be communicated more frequently and quickly. To address the sponsor's request, you will use all of the following, except:


A.保持频繁的团队检查点 Holding frequent team checkpoints

B.进行有规律的干系人审查 Conducting regular stakeholder reviews

C.实现信息发射源 Implementing information radiators

D.每周传达项目状态 Communicating project status weekly


参考答案:D


解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P152 章节:术语表 信息发射源: 它是一种可见的实物展示其向组织内其他成员提供信息在不干扰团队的情况下即时实现知识共享。 信息发射源一般包括看板、燃尽图、燃起图、障碍日志等。四个选项中,只有D不够敏捷。


第655题 在每日站会上,开发团队的两名成员开始争论来自WBS的一个特定的工作包是否已经满足了被认为是完整的要求。项目团队的两名成员都将被闲置,直到达成解决方案。在会议结束之前,项目经理首先应该做什么?
During a daily standup meeting, two members of the development team begin arguing over whether or not a particular work package from the WBS has met requirements to be considered complete. Both project team members will be idled until a resolution can be reached. Before adjourning the meeting, what should the project manager do first?


A.审查需求文件 Review the requirements documentation

B.参阅需求跟踪矩阵 Refer to the requirements traceability matrix

C.执行确认范围过程 Perform the Validate Scope process

D.在问题日志中记录障碍 Record the impediment in the issue log


参考答案:D


解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P54 章节:5.2.4 为每日站会规定时间盒,不超出 15 分钟。站会是为了发现存在问题,而不是解决它们。将问题添加到停车场区,然后创建另一次会议,它可以在站会之后立即召开,并在会上解决问题。 每日站会不解决问题。


第656题 项目工作已经完成,且可交付成果已获验收。在项目的质保期内,识别到一个影响环境的缺陷。谁应该负责解决这个问题?
The project work has been completed and the deliverable have been accepted. During the project warranty period, a defect affecting the environment was identified. Who should be responsible for solving this problem?


A.项目经理 Project manager

B.环境部门 Environment department

C.项目发起人 Project sponsor

D.运营部门 Operation department


参考答案:D


解析:知识点出处: PMBOK 6th   页码:P127 章节:4.7.3.2 项目交付的产品、服务或成果: 可转交给另一团队或组织,并由其在整个生命周期中进行运营、维护和支持。 本输出所指的正是把项目交付的最终产品、服务或成果(对 于阶段收尾,则是所在阶段的中间产品、服务或成果)从一个团队转交到另一个团队。 完成项目, 把项目移交出去给运营团队。


第657题 一个为期两年的项目完成了50%,进度绩效指数1.051和成本绩效指数为1.02。一个新的项目进入投资组合,被视为一个优先级并且高于当前的项目。因此,目前项目失去了三个关键资源。尽管资源紧张,但是高级主管仍然要求项目经理按时完成项目,并且按照预算且不会有额外的资源补给。 项目经理应该怎样做?
A two-year project is 50% complete has a schedule performance index of 1.051and a cost performance index of 1.02, A new project enters the portfolio and is deemed a higher priority than the current project. As a result, the current project loses three key resources. Despite tossing resources, the project manager is asked by senior management to complete the project on time and within budget without additional resources. What should do next?


A.执行资源平衡 executive resources balance

B.赶工 crashing

C.变更项目基准 change the project baseline

D.实施偏差分析 implements deviation analysis


参考答案:D


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P262 章节:7.4.2.2 偏差分析:可开展偏差分析,来识别成本基准与实际项目绩效之间的差异;然后可以实施进一步的分析,以判定偏离进度基准的原因和程度,并决定是否需要采取纠正或预防措施。 先进行偏差分析,再确认是否要采取纠正或预防措施。ABC都是措施。


第658题 一家公司总是在项目管理上使用预测法,但是现在项目管理办公室想要结合一些敏捷的最佳实践来产生更早的收益实现。项目经理即将开始为新项目做计划,她担心项目团队不具备在混合环境中工作的能力。项目经理的最佳行动方案是什么?
A company has always utilized a predictive approach to project management, but now the project management office wants to incorporate some agile best practices to generate earlier revenue realization. The project manager is about to begin planning for the new project and is concerned that the project team is not equipped to work in a hybrid environment. What is the project manager's best course of action?


A.授权团队自我组织和学习敏捷最佳实践 Empower the team to self-organize and study agile best practices

B.向项目管理办公室(PMO)申请培训 Request the training from the project management office (PMO

C.将团队敏捷技能不足的风险添加到风险登记册 Add the risk of the team's inadequate agile skills to the risk register

D.审查敏捷最佳实践的经验教训知识库 Check the lessons learned repository for agile best practices


参考答案:B


解析:知识点出处: 敏捷实践指南 页码:P82 章节:6.6.3 敏捷PMO的服务:通过培训和指导发展人才。过渡期间应该安排专业的敏捷培训。


第659题 一个项目在拥有矩阵式组织结构的公司中启动。没有招聘权限的项目经理可以通过下列哪一项获得项目团队?
A project is instantiated within a company that has a matrix organizational manager with no hiring authority, could acquire a project team by doing which of the following?


A.与公司管理层交流 Network with the companys management

B.与职能经理协商 Neonate with functional managers

C.劝说团队成员加入项目 Persuade team members to join the project

D.与项目发起人沟通 Communicate with the project sponsor


参考答案:B


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页 码:P332 章节:9.3.2.2 谈判:职能经理。确保项目在要求的时限内获得最佳资源,直到完成职责。执行组织中的其他项目管理团队。 合理分配稀缺或特殊资源。外部组织和供应商。提供合适的、稀缺的、特殊的、合格的、经认证的或其他特殊的团队或实物资源。特别需要注意与外部谈判有关的政策、惯例、流程、指南、法律及其他标准。 获取资源,优先谈判


第660题 项目经理安排一次会议,让Scrum项目团队进行反思和调整。与会者在这次会议上最可能做什么?
A project manager schedules a meeting for the scrum project team to reflect and adapt. What will the participants be most likely doing at this meeting?


A.向客户演示产品增量 Demonstrating the product increment to the customer

B.为下次冲刺选择用户故事 Selecting user stories for the next sprint

C.讨论正在进行的工作和阻碍进展的障碍 Discussing the on-going work and impediments to progress

D.寻找对团队过程的任何改进 Looking for any improvements to the team's process


参考答案:D


解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P50 章节:5.2.1 回顾总结会: 回顾是最重要的一个实践,原因是它能让团队学习、改进和调整其 过程。 回顾会三件事:总结经验、过程改进、提出计划。


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