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项目管理专业人士资格认证(PMP)题库(1459题)


第861题 干系人感觉他们收到的信息十分复杂,难以理解,因此,不能正确做出决定。若要解决这个问题,应该怎么做?
The stakeholders feel that information they receive is complex and difficult to understand. And because of this decisions cannot be properly made. What should be done be resolve this situation?


A.审查沟通需求 Review the communication requirements

B.减少报告数量 Reduce the number of reports

C.包含一个常用术语表 Include a glossary of common terminology

D.添加解释性附件 Add an explanatory addendum.


参考答案:A


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P377 章节:10.1.3.1 沟通管理计划:沟通管理计划是项目管理计划的组成部分,描述将如何规划,结构化、执行与监督项目沟通,以提高沟通的有效性。该计划包括如下信息: ·干系人的沟通需求:凡信息,找沟通。


第862题 一个沉浸在预测性项目管理方法中的组织决定采用混合方法作为敏捷项目管理的过渡策略。已经特许了一个试点Scrum项目,并分配了Scrum角色和职责。项目经理希望确保向客户提供最优的价值。项目经理接下来应该做什么?
An organization that is steeped in a predictive project management approach has decided to adopt hybrid methods as a transition strategy to agile project management. A pilot scrum project has been chartered and scrum roles and responsibilities assigned. The project manager wants to ensure the optimal delivery of value to the customer. What should the project manager do next?


A.分配故事点以确定产品待办事项列表的优先级 Assign story points to prioritize the product backlog

B.要求该团队采用MoSCoW方法 Request that the team use the MoSCoW method

C.为产品负责人安排Scrum培训 Schedule scrum training for the product owner

D.将WBS分解为Scrum用户故事 Decompose the WBS into scrum user stories


参考答案:C


解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:41 章节:4.3.2 产品负责人 Product Owner:创建待办列表并排序、确认工作优先顺序、提供反馈、指导开发方向。 ABD都是产品负责人做的事,因此,要先确认产品负责人有能力做这些事。


第863题 当新进公司的发起人B替代A时,项目已接近完工,项目经理首先应该怎么做?
When the sponsor B of the new company replaces A, the project is almost complete. What should the project manager do first?


A.与发起人B会面,确定是否需要任何项目变更 Meet with sponsor B to determine if any project changes are needed

B.根据发起人A 的目标完成项目 Finish the project based on the sponsor A's goals

C.开始变更控制 Begin change control procedures

D.更新干系人登记册 Update the stakeholder register


参考答案:D


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P505 章节:13 识别干系人的迭代性: ·项目进入其生命周期的不同阶段; ·当前干系人不再与项目工作有关,或者在项目的干系人社区中出现了新的干系人成员; ·组织内部或更大区域的干系人社区发生重大变化。 出现以上三点情况时要重新识别干系人,并更新干系人登记册。


第864题 在一个项目的最终阶段,一名关键干系人识别到产品缺失关键功能,必须增加这些功能才能在市场上具有竞争力。项目经理应该怎么做?
During a project’s final stage, a key stakeholder identifies that the product is missing critical features that must be added to be marketplace competitive. What should the project manager do?


A.修订范围管理计划。 Modify the scope management plan.

B.更新质量核对表。 Update the quality checklists.

C.遵循变更管理计划。 Follow the change management plan.

D.查看工作说明书(SOW)。 Review the statement of work (SOW).


参考答案:C


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P166 章节:5.5.3.3 变更请求:对已经完成但未通过正式验收的可交付成果及其未通过验收的原因,应该记录在案。可能需要针对这些可交付成果提出变更请求,开展缺陷补救。 验收过程出问题,一般都要提出变更解决。


第865题 项目经理成功地将空调采购从 A 供应商转向 B 供应商。新产品检验完毕,并交付了所有项目可交付成果。项目经理下一步应该怎么做?
The project manager successfully transitions the procurement of air conditioners from supplier A to supplier B, New product verification is complete, and all project deliverables are met.What is next step for the project manager?


A.将所有权移交采购部,以便再次订购 Transfer ownership to the purchasing department to place future orders

B.向供应商 B 授予成本加激励费用采购合同 Award a cost-plus-incentive-fee procurement contract to supplier B

C.作出自制或外购决定 Conduct a make-versus-buy decision

D.审查采购工作说明书 Review the procurement statement of work


参考答案:A


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P127 章节:4.7.3.2 产品、服务或成果移交: 项目交付的产品、服务或成果可转交给另一团队或组织,并由其在整个生命周期中进行运营、维护和支持。 本输出所指的正是把项目交付的最终产品、服务或成果(对于阶段收尾,则是所在阶段的中间产品、服务或成果)从一个团队转交到另一个团队。 收尾并移交项目后才能进行下一个项目。


第866题 一个运营团队认为他们的技能在项目上是不必要的,团队士气低落,且团队成员试图阻止项目目标。项目经理应该怎么做?
An operating team believes that their skills are unnecessary on the project, the team morale is low, and team members try to stop the project objectives. What should the project manager do?


A.建议公司改变策略,并立即停止项目 Recommend the company to change its strategy and stop the project immediately

B.要求工会的支持来激励团队 Request the support of the labor union to motivate the team

C.根据项目成果的要求对运营团队进行培训 Train the operation team according to the requirements of project results

D.更换不满的团队成员 Replace dissatisfied team members


参考答案:C


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P342 章节:9.4.2.6 培训:如果项目团队成员缺乏必要的管理或技术技能,可以把对这种技能的培养作为项目工作的一部分。 看到技能两个字,优先考虑培训。


第867题 一个敏捷团队正在为客户开发定制制造设备。经过三次迭代,一个功能原型已经就绪,但是它缺乏关键的安全功能,以及一些可以在未来版本中现场安装的增强功能。为了尽早得到客户的反馈,产品负责人要求团队尽快交付MVP。项目经理应如何处理产品负责人的要求?
An agile team is developing custom manufacturing equipment for a client. After three iterations, a functional prototype is ready, but it lacks critical safety features as well as several enhancements that can be installed on-site in future releases. To get early feedback from the client, the product owner requests that the team deliver an MVP as soon as possible. What should the project manager do to address the product owner's request?


A.在原型上安装安全功能和增强功能,并交付给客户端 Install safety features and enhancements on the prototype and deliver it to the client

B.仅安装原型上的安全功能,然后交付给客户端 Install only the safety features on the prototype and deliver it to the client

C.将原型以当前状态交付给客户端,因为它已经正常运行 Deliver the prototype to the client in its current condition as it is already functional

D.仅安装原型上的增强功能并交付给客户端 Install only the enhancements on the prototype and deliver it to the client


参考答案:B


解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南   页码:P23 章节:3.1.3 MVP最小可行产品:完整性和交付是主观的。团队可能需要获得关于原型的反馈,然后可能选择将最小可行性产品(MVP)交付给部分客户。客户的反馈将帮助团队了解他们需要为随后交付的最终功能的完善提供些什么。 缺安全功能,就给安全功能。


第868题 受P&T建筑公司雇用,一位造价工程师为该公司在中国的首个油田的管道建设项目估算成本,但没有得到任何详细工程数据。这位工程师应采用哪种费用估算方法为P&T建筑公司提供初步成本预算?
A cost engineer was engaged by P&T Construction PLC to provide a cost estimate for the first oil field piping project in China without any detail engineering data. What type of cost estimate approach should the engineer use to provide an initial cost estimate to P&T Construction?


A.近似估算 Approximate estimate

B.量级估算 Order of magnitude estimate

C.限定性估算 Definitive estimate

D.可行性估算 Feasibility estimate


参考答案:B


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P240 章节:7.2 粗略量级估算:在启动阶段可得出项目的粗略量级估算(Rough Order of Magnitude,ROM ),其区间为−25%到+75%;之后,随着信息越来越详细,确定性估算的区间可缩小至−5%到+10%。


第869题 一个项目延迟交付,且需要进行变更才能获得理想的可交付成果质量级别,项目经理提出一个正式的变更请求,并与所有干系人沟通变更,然后项目经理得知这种沟通方式未能满足干系人期望,项目经理应该怎么做?
A project has been delayed in delivery and needs to be changed to achieve the desired quality level of deliverables. The project manager made a formal change request and communicated the changes with all stakeholders. Then the project manager learned that this communication method failed to meet stakeholders' expectations. What should the project manager do?


A.审查沟通管理计划和干系人参与计划 Review communication management plan and stakeholder management plan

B.签发变更要求,在项目管理计划中包含干系人的期望 Issue a change request and include stakeholders' expectations in the project management plan

C.与项目发起人开会,以更好地了解干系人的期望 Meet with project sponsor to better understand stakeholders' expectations

D.遵循沟通管理计划,并签发一份状态报告 Follow the communication management plan and issue a status report


参考答案:A


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P377 章节:10.1.3.1 沟通管理计划:沟通管理计划是项目管理计划的组成部分,描述将如何规划,结构化、执行与监督项目沟通, 以提高沟通的有效性。该计划包括如下信息: · 干系人的沟通需求:凡信息,找沟通;遇抵制,找计划。


第870题 一个敏捷团队在最近的几次迭代中加班加点地工作。项目经理决定,从现在开始,团队应该保持每周40小时的工作时间。项目经理做出这个决定最可能的目的是什么?
An agile team has been working overtime for the last few iterations. The project manager has decided that from now on the team should maintain a 40-hour workweek. What is the most likely reason behind the project manager's decision?


A.最大化未完成的工作量 To maximize the amount of work not done

B.最小化在进行中的工作量 To minimize the amount of work in progress

C.频繁交付工作软件 To deliver working software frequently

D.促进可持续发展 To promote sustainable development


参考答案:D


解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P9 章节:2.2 敏捷的12条原则之8:敏捷过程提倡可持续开发。发起人、开发人员和用户应该都能始终保持步调稳定。


第871题 项目经理资源有限,无法获得更多资源。项目经理应该使用什么技术来充分利用现有资源,而不会令项目完成时间延期?
A project manager has limited resources and is unable to obtain more. What technique should the project manager use to fully exploit the existing resources without delaying project completion?


A.快速跟进 Fast tracking

B.赶工 Crashing

C.资源平滑 Resource smoothing

D.资源平衡 Resource leveling


参考答案:C


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P211 章节:6.5.2.3 资源优化:资源平衡,改变关键路径。 资源平滑,不改变关键路径。 题干提到不能让项目延期,因此只能选择资源优化。


第872题 针对设计经理提出的某个问题的解决方案,项目经理必须收集分析信息。以下哪一项能防止任何人对结果产生不适当的影响?
Regarding the resolution of an issue identified by the engineering manager, the project manager must gather information and reach a consensus of analysis. Which of the following presents any one person from having undue influence on the outcome?


A.德尔菲技术 Delphi technique

B.名义组技术 Nominal group technique

C.价值工程 Value engineering

D.虚拟团队 Virtual team


参考答案:A


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P142 章节:5.2.2.1 德尔菲技术:相关专家匿名参与。对专家的答卷进行归纳,发还给专家作进一步评论。这个过程重复几轮后,就可能取得一致意见。德尔菲技术有减轻数据的偏倚,防止任何个人对结果产生不恰当的影响。


第873题 项目经理准备收尾一个项目的第四阶段,但是一位干系人拒绝向前推进项目,除非增加一个范围之外的功能,项目经理下一步应该怎么做?
The project manager is preparing to close the fourth phase of a project, but a stakeholder refused to move forward unless a function outside the scope was added. What should the project manager do next?


A.开始变更请求过程 Start the change request process

B.增加该功能 Increase this function

C.审查干系人登记册 Check the stakeholder register

D.与项目干系人会面 Meet with the project stakeholder


参考答案:A


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P166 章节:5.5.3.3 变更请求:对已经完成但未通过正式验收的可交付成果及其未通过验收的原因,应该记录在案。可能需要针对这些可交付成果提出变更请求,开展缺陷补救。 客户不验收,只能推迟实施,再提交变更。


第874题 项目经理被分配到一个项目,该项目将把一个大型组织从预测环境转变为敏捷方法。在当前状态下,组织中的工作被分解成部门孤岛,而员工好被描述为专门的贡献者。这种敏捷转换的最佳策略是什么?
A project manager has been assigned to a project that will transform a large organization from a predictive environment to agile methodologies. In its current state, the work in the organization is decomposed into departmental silos, and the employees are best described as specialized contributors. What is the best strategy for this agile transformation?


A.使用混合生命周期作为预测到敏捷的过渡策略 Use hybrid life cycles as a transition strategy from predictive to agile

B.为所有从预测性到敏捷的项目建立一个固定的日期 Establish a fixed date for all projects to transition from predictive to agile

C.介绍一些针对大型复杂项目的敏捷技术 Introduce some agile techniques on a large and complex project

D.调整项目,使其范围是固定的,时间和成本是可变的 Tailor projects so that the scope is fixed with time and cost being variable


参考答案:A


解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P47 章节:4.3.7 克服组织孤岛:孤岛组织往往给跨职能敏捷团 队的组建带来重重障碍。需要构建跨职能团队的团队成员通常需要向不同的管理人员报告,管理人员会采用不同的标准衡 量他们的绩效。管理人员需要关注的不是资源利用效率, 而是过程效率(和基于团队的指标)。 孤岛式组织不利于敏捷,因此建议先以混合型开发方法过渡,后面再到完全敏捷。


第875题 项目经理建议为一个软件开发团队提供单元测试技术培训,该技术可以在编码阶段应用。另外,项目经理建议在软件开发期间采购一台服务器来运行测试用例。这个例子是什么?
A project manager suggests training a software development team on until testing techniques that can be applied during the coding phase.In addition, the project manager recommends the procurement of a server to run test cases during software development. Of what is this an example?


A.质量管理预算 Quality management budget

B.预防成本 Prevention costs

C.评价成本 Appraisal costs

D.软件测试预算 Software testing budget


参考答案:B


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P282 章节:8.1.2.3 质量成本: 预防成本。预防特定项目的产品质量低劣所带来的相关 成本。 评估成本。评估、测量、审计和测试特定项目的产品所 带来的相关成本。 失败成本(内部/外部)。因产品与干系人需求不一致而导致的相关成本。 测试本身是评估成本,但是购买设备是预防成本。


第876题 有一部分项目工作从外部资源采购,项目团队制定采购计划,并向多个供应商发出建议邀请书,团队从潜在供应商那里获得关于工作的询问,为向潜在供应商提供响应,项目团队应该怎么做?
A portion of the project work is sourced from external sources, the project team makes the purchase plan and sends out a proposal invitation to multiple vendors, the team obtains inquiries about the work from the potential suppliers, and what the project team should do to provide responses to potential suppliers.


A.向每一位供应商发送单独回复 Send a separate reply to each supplier

B.在项目团队中为每一位供应商指定单个联系人 Assign individual contacts to each vendor in the project team

C.修订建议邀请书,将对所有问题的回复包含在内,并分发给所有供应商 Revised proposal invitation to include responses to all questions and distribute to all suppliers

D.召开投标人会议,澄清所有供应商的全部问题 Convene a meeting of bidders to clarify all suppliers' issues


参考答案:D


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P487 章节:12.2.2.3 投标人会议:投标人会议(又称承包商会议、供应商会议或投标前会议)是在卖方提交建议书之前,在买方和潜在卖方之间召开的会议,其目的是确保所有潜在投标人对采购要求都有清楚且一致的理解,并确保没有任何投标人会得到特别优待。 投标人会议两个作用:确保对采购要求的理解;保证公平。


第877题 几个星期以来,项目经理一直报告项目在正常进行中,现在却突然报告项目滞后于进度计划,项目经理意识到某个项目风险管理不当,且其负责人在不同时区远程工作。项目经理应当更加注意下列哪一项?
For several weeks, the project manager has been reporting that the project is progressing normally, but now suddenly reports that the project lags behind the schedule, the project manager realizes that the risk management of a certain project is improper, and its leader works remotely in different time zones.Project managers should pay more attention to which of the following?


A.资源过度承诺和沟通不畅 Over commitment of resources and poor communication

B.包容性和资源隔离不足 Inclusiveness and insufficient resource isolation

C.语言障碍和缺乏问责制 Language barriers and lack of accountability

D.项目发起人的指导不足 Insufficient guidance from project sponsors


参考答案:A


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P377 章节:10.1.3.1 沟通管理计划:沟通管理计划是项目管理计划的组成部分,描述将如何规划,结构化、执行与监督项目沟通,以提高沟通的有效性。该计划包括如下信息:·干系人的沟通需求 遇到远程团队、虚拟团队之类的题目,优先想到沟通。


第878题 在项目实施期间,一些团队成员抱怨说他们对项目可交付成果不确定。若要确保项目团队按照项目范围工作,项目经理应该怎么做?
During project implementation, some team members complain that they are unsure about the project’s deliverables. What should the project manager do to ensure that the project team is working according to project scope?


A.审查执行、负责、咨询和知情(RACI)矩阵。 Review the responsible, accountable, consult, and inform (RACI) matrix.

B.更新沟通管理计划,澄清期望。 Update the communications management plan to clarify

C.与团队分享项目章程。 Share the project charter with the team.

D.将工作分解结构(WBS)分发给团队。 Distribute the work breakdown structure (WBS) to the team.


参考答案:D


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P157 章节:5.4 创建WBS:WBS是对项目团队为实现项目目标、创建所需可交付成果而需要实施的全部工作范围的层级分解。WBS 组织并定义了项目的总范围,代表着经批准的当前项目范围说明书中所规定的工作。 WBS规定了所有要做的事情,与范围说明书、WBS词典共同组成了范围基准。


第879题 项目经理正在整理用于验收产品可交付成果的文件。验收可交付成果时,项目经理应该做什么?
A project manager is assembling the documents for the acceptance of product deliverables. Upon acceptance of the deliverables, what should the project manager do?


A.收尾项目可交付结果 Close the project deliverables

B.将可交付成果文件存档 Archive the deliverable documents

C.转移可交付成果的所有权 Transfer ownership of the deliverables

D.获得客户对可交付成果的反馈 Obtain customer feedback on the deliverables


参考答案:D


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P166 章节:5.5.3.1 验收的可交付成果:符合验收标准的可交付成果应该由客户或发起人正式签字批准。应该从客户或发起人那里获得正式文件,证明干系人对项目可交付成果的正式验收。这些文件将提交给结束项目或阶段过程。 对可交付成果满意的话,要正式签字批准。其他选项都是收尾时候做的。


第880题 在项目开工会议期间,一个干系人公开反对该项目在组织内的必要性和优先级。项目经理下一步应该做什么?
During a project kick-off meeting,one stakeholder openly rejects the project's necessity and priority within the organization. What should the project manager do next?


A.在干系人登记册中记录该干系人的评估 Document the stakeholder's assessment in the stakeholder register

B.将该干系人的问题升级上报给项目发起人 Escalate the stakeholder's concern to the project sponsor

C.了解该干系人的立场,并更新风险登记册 Gain an understanding of the stakeholder's position,and update the risk register

D.考虑该干系人的立场,并制定干系人参与计划 Consider the stakeholder's position,and develop the stakeholder engagement plan


参考答案:D


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P522 章节:13.2.3.1 干系人参与计划:是项目管理计划的组成部分。它确定用于促进干系人有效参与决策和执行的策略和行动。干系人参与计划可包括(但不限于)调动个人或干系人参与的特定策略或方法。 遇抵制,找干系人参与计划。


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