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项目管理专业人士资格认证(PMP)题库(1459题)


第741题 项目的成本绩效指数(CPI)和进度绩效指标(SPI)均大于1.0,项目经理减少投入以保持进度。 在这个过程中,什么会保持不变? A project's cost performance index (CPI) and schedule performance index (SPI) are both greater than 1.0. The project manager decreases inputs to maintain the schedule.During this process, what remains unchanged?


A.进度 Schedule

B.成本Cost

C.成本与进度 Cost and schedule

D.进度基准 Schedule baseline


参考答案:D


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th   页码:P263 章节:7.4.2.2 挣值分析:进度绩效指数(SPI)是测量进度效率的一种指标,表示为挣值与计划价值之比,反映了项目团队完成工作的效率。当SPI小于1.0时,说明已完成的工作量未达到计划要求;当SPI大于1.0时,则说明已完成的工作量超过计划。 只要没有通过变更修改基准,基准就不会变。


第742题 由于组织结构的变化,干系人A承担了新的责任,并已经从指导管理委员会辞职。干系人A替代者干系人B,提出与项目商业利益有关的问题。项目经理首先应该怎么做?
As a result of changes in an organization's structure,stakeholder A takes on new responsibilities and steps down from the steering committee . stakeholder A's replacement,stakeholder B, raises issues regarding the project's business benefits. What should the project manager do first?


A.在问题登记册中记录该问题,并更新项目利益 Document the issue in the issue log and update the project benefits.

B.更新项目管理计划 Update the project management plan

C.与干系人会面,包括项目发起人 Meet with the stakeholders,including the project sponsor

D.更新干系人登记册,并参考干系人管理策略 Update the stakeholder register and refer to the stakeholder management strategy


参考答案:D


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P505 章节:13 识别干系人的迭代性: · 项目进入其生命周期的不同阶段; · 当前干系人不再与项目工作有关,或者在项目的干系人社区中出现了新的干系人成员; · 组织内部的干系人社区发生重大变化。 出现以上三点情况时要重新识别干系人,并更新干系人登记册。



第744题 在项目执行期间,项目经理发现在规划期间未考虑政府法规。经过详细分析后,项目经理解决了这个问题。若要阻止再次发生这个问题,项目经理应该做什么?
During project execution, the project manager found that government regulations were not considered during the planning period. After a detailed analysis, the project manager resolved the issue. What should the project manager do to prevent this problem from happening again?


A.将该过程记录在风险登记册中 Record this process in the risk register

B.在问题日志中记录该事项 Record this in the issue log

C.更新经验教训 Update lessons learned

D.向指导委员会通知解决方案 Inform the steering committee of the solution


参考答案:C


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th   页码:P104 章节:4.4.3.1 经验教训登记册:经验教训登记册可以记录遇到的挑战、问题、意识到的风险和机会,或其他适用的内容。经验教训登记册在早期创建,在整个项目期间,它可以作为很多过程的输入,也可以作为输出而不断更新。 经验教训改善未来绩效。


第745题 一名积极参与产品规划的主管要求全部的可交付成果提高产量,该主管的权力利益水平分类是哪一项?
A supervisor who is actively involved in product planning requires all deliverables to increase production. What is the classification of the supervisor's rights and interests?


A.监督 Monitor

B.令其满意 Make it satisfied

C.紧密关注 Pay close attention

D.令其知悉 Make it known


参考答案:C


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P512 章节:13.1.2.4 权力利益方格:基于干系人的职权级别(权力)、对项目成果的关心程度(利益)、对项目成果的影响能力(影响),或改变项目计划或执行的能力,每一种方格都可用于对干系人进行分类。 权力高、利益高,需要重点管理。


第746题 项目经理注意到一位团队成员在团队会议期间似乎越来越不满。该团队成员没有在关键的工作包上取得进展,这种进展的缺乏现在正在影响关键路径。团队成员认为他们在项目团队中没有扮演正确的角色。项目经理应该做什么?
A project manager notices that one team member seems increasingly unhappy during team meetings. The team member is not making progress on a key work package, and this lack of progress is now impacting the critical path. The team member feels that they are not in the correct role within the project team. What should the project manager do?


A.让团队成员相信他们的能力,提醒他们被选中是有原因的。 Reassure the team member about their abilities by reminding them that they were chosen for a reason.

B.与团队成员会面,基于他们的优势而讨论他们可以如何做出贡献。 Meet with the team member to discuss where they can contribute, based on their strengths.

C.让团队成员接受有针对性的培训,以获得他们所指定角色所需的技能。 Enroll the team member in targeted training to acquire the needed skills for their assigned role.

D.安排与团队成员的每周触点,以讨论可能影响他们工作的障碍。 Schedule weekly touchpoints with the team member to discuss barriers that may impact their work.


参考答案:B


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P346 章节:9.5 管理团队:项目经理应该向团队成员分配富有挑战性的任务,对优秀绩效进行表彰。项目经理应留意团队成员是否有意愿和能力完成工作,然后相应地调整管理和领导力方式。相对那些已展现出能力和有经验的团队成员,技术能力较低的团队成员更需要强化监督。 排除法 A:提醒意义不大;B:帮助其找到角色;C:非技能问题;D:非障碍问题。


第747题 由于一台设备设计规格中的某一项被忽略了而导致项目延期,而赶制此项需要更长的交货期。为避免这种情况的发生,项目经理在项目规划期间应完成下列哪一项?
A project is delayed because one item in the equipment specification has been ignored. It will require a longer lead time to catch up. To avoid this situation, the project manager should have done which of the following in project planning?


A.制定应急计划 prepare a contingency plan

B.选择更为可靠的供应商 select a more reliable supplier

C.在识别风险过程上花费更多的努力 spend more efforts on the process of risk identification

D.确保该项不在关键路径上 ensure that the item is a not on the critical path


参考答案:C


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P411 章节:11.2.1.1 质量管理计划:质量管理计划可能列出了受不确定性或模糊性影响的一些领域,或者关键假设可能引发风险的一些领域。 为了避免,要选择在更早的一些过程。风险识别不足会导致绩效偏差。


第748题 在新项目的干系人会议中,项目经理发现一名干系人对项目有抵触。项目经理记录该情况,并对该干系人的参与程度评级。项目经理使用了哪项工具或技术来为干系人的参与程度评级?
During a new project’s stakeholder meeting, the project manager discovers that one stakeholder is resistant to the project. The project manager notes this, and rates the stakeholder engagement level. What tool or technique did the project manager use to rate this stakeholder’s engagement level?


A.干系人参与度评估矩阵 Stakeholder Engagement Assessment Matrix

B.风险概率和影响评级 Risk probability and impact assessment

C.人际关系技巧 Interpersonal skills

D.专家判断 Expert judgment


参考答案:A


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P521 章节:13.2.2.5 干系人参与度评估矩阵 ·不了解型。不知道项目 ·抵制型。知道项目,但抵制 ·中立型。了解项目,但既不支持,也不反对。 ·支持型。了解项目,会支持领导型。了解项目,而且积极参与以确保目取得成功。 干系人参与度评估矩阵给干系人的参与程度评级。


第749题 一个敏捷团队正在努力实现一个积极的发布目标。scrum master最近注意到,其中一位开发人员的表现下降了,而且她参加小组讨论的次数似乎减少了。scrum master应该做什么?
An agile team is working to meet an aggressive release goal. The scrum master has recently noticed that the performance of one of the developers has dropped and the developer seems to be participating less in group discussions. What should the scrum master do?


A.要求其余团队成员完成此开发人员的工作量 Request the rest of the team members to backfill the workload of the developer

B.在冲刺回顾会议上讨论开发人员的绩效问题 Discuss the developer's performance issues at the sprint retrospective meeting

C.私下与开发人员会面,并尝试确定激发他们动机的因素 Meet with the developer privately and try to determine what motivates them

D.寻找替代者,因为敏捷团队需要最好的人才 Look for a replacement because agile teams require the best talent available


参考答案:C


解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P38 章节:4.3 仆人式领导:要善于激励项目人员,为他们提供所需的环境和支持,信任他们能够完成工作。 项目经理要激励成员,并提供支持。



第751题 项目经理发展团队会议由于主导讨论的人迟到而中断。若要提高团队会议的效率,项目经理应怎么做?
Project Manager Development Team meeting was cancelled due to the person leading the discussion being late. To improve the effectiveness of team meetings, what should the project manager do?


A.使用专业引导师。 Use a professional facilitator

B.认可按时到达的团队成员。 Recognize team members who arrive on time.

C.为团队会议设定基本规则。 Set ground rules for team meetings.

D.开展团队建设活动。 Conduct team-building exercises.


参考答案:C


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P319 章节:9.1.3.2 团队章程:是为团队创建团队价值观、共识和工作指南的文件。 · 团队价值观; · 沟通指南; · 决策标准和过程; · 冲突处理过程; · 会议指南; · 团队共识。 需要有团队的基本规则,来确定团队的纪律。



第753题 最后的项目迭代刚刚开始。在审查信息发射源之后,项目经理意识到团队将无法完成项目计划的所有剩余工作。很明显,如果不增加更多的开发人员,进度基准将无法实现,或者一些工作包将不得不从WBS删除。对项目经理来说,最好的行动方案是什么?
Last project iteration has just begun. After reviewing the information radiators, the project manager realizes that the team will be unable to complete all the remaining work planned for the project. It is evident that without adding more developers, either the schedule baseline will be unattainable, or some work packages will have to be removed from the WBS. What is the best course of action for the project manager?


A.在下次迭代回顾中向团队提出这个问题 Raise the issue with the team at the next iteration retrospective

B.和产品负责人见面,并建议赶工 Meet with the product owner and suggest crashing the schedule

C.要求Scrum主管找到延迟的根本原因 Request that the scrum master find the root cause for the delay

D.要求团队成员加班以完成所有项目目标 Ask the team to work overtime to meet all the project objectives


参考答案:B


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th   页码:P228 章节:6.6.2.6 进度压缩:采用进度压缩技术(见 6.5.2.6 节)使进度落后的项目活动赶上计划,可以对剩余工作使用快速跟进或赶工方法。 从题干来看这是混合型生命周期。会见PO 是为了划分优先级,赶工是瀑布型做法。


第754题 一个敏捷团队的任务是开发一款机器人。项目经理希望确保在机器人被实际建造之前,团队能够收到关于需求的早期反馈并相应地调整设计。项目经理应该使用以下哪一项来实现这个目标?
An agile team is tasked with the development of a robot. The project manager wants to ensure that before the actual robot is built, the team receives early feedback on requirements and adapts the design accordingly. Which of the following should the project manager use to achieve that goal?


A.原型设计 Prototyping

B.设计审查 Design review

C.核对单 Checklists

D.商业论证 Business case


参考答案:A


解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P21 章节:3.1.2 迭代型生命周期通过连续的原型或概念验证来改进产品或成果。每一个新的原型都能带来新的干系人新的反馈和团队见解。 题目中明确提到需要反馈,因此原型法比较好用。


第755题 在迭代期间,项目团队会遇到可能导致任务完成延迟的问题。同一项目中的另一个团队需要按时完成任务,以满足他们的计划。项目经理如何解决这个问题?
During an iteration, a project team encounters problems that may cause a delay in task completion. Another team within the same project needs the task to be completed on time in order to meet their schedule. What can the project manager do to resolve this problem?


A.坚持让项目团队稍微努力一点以便按时完成,以免耽误其他团队的工作。 Insist that the project team work a bit harder to complete on time, in order to avoid delaying the work of other teams.

B.与产品负责人合作,重新确定迭代待办事项列表的优先级,以免耽误其他团队的工作。 Work with the product owner to reprioritize the iteration backlog, so that it does not delay work by other teams.

C.增加迭代的长度,并向项目团队添加额外的资源,这样他们就可以在适当的最后期限前完成任务。 Increase the iteration length, and add additional resources to the project team, so that they can meet the appropriate deadlines.

D.要求团队成员在迭代过程中尽其所能,并在迭代完成后进行回顾。 Ask team members to perform to the best of their abilities during the iteration, and engage in a retrospective after completion of the iteration.


参考答案:B


解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:41 章节:4.3.2 产品负责人Product Owner: · 创建待办列表并排序 · 确认工作优先顺序 · 提供反馈 · 指导开发方向 目前来看有问题,最好的方法是重新排序待办列表,以规避问题。


第756题 项目经理在项目执行中途负责管理该项目。项目干系人对团队绩效和交付表示担忧。团队成员向项目经理保证,根据批准的范围,项目符合进度计划和预算。 若要管理这项目的干系人,项目经理应查阅哪份文件?
The project manager is responsible for managing the project in the midway of the project. Project stakeholders are concerned about team performance and delivery. The team members assure the project manager that the project is in line with the schedule and budget according to the approved scope. Which document should the project manager review to manage the stakeholders involved in this project?


A.绩效报告 Performance Report

B.项目管理信息系统 (PMIS)Project Management Information System (PMIS)

C.绩效改进计划 Performance Improvement Plan

D.培训计划 Training Program


参考答案:A


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P382 章节:10.2.1.3 工作绩效报告:根据沟通管理计划的定义,工作绩效报告会通过本过程传递给项目干系人可以表现为有助于引起关注、制定决策和采取行动的仪表指示图、热点报告、 信号灯图或其他形式。 干系人担心绩效,就把绩效报告给干系人看,用以引起关注或制定决策。


第757题 项目经理正在考虑项目风险和制约因素,然后组织了一次与高级员工召开的头脑风暴,了解当前流程,项目经理向部门经理讲述了业务影响相关问题,并审查了风险和制约的因素,在咨询信息技术部门的一名方案架构师的意见后,项目经理要求获得输入和评估。项目经理使用的是哪种工具和技术?
A project manager look at the project’s risk and constrains and then organizes a brainstorming session with senior staff to understand the current processes. The project manager speaks with department managers regarding business impacts ,and reviews risks and constraints. Consulting with a solution architect in the information technology department ,the project manager asks for inputs and assessments. What tool and technique is the project manager using?


A.风险登记册模板 Risk register template

B.专家判断 Expert judgment

C.组织过程资产 Organizational process assets

D.外部分析 External analysis


参考答案:B


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P414 章节:11.2.2.1 专家判断:应考虑了解类似项目或业务领域的个人或小组的专业意见。项目经理应该选择相关专家,邀请他们根据以往经验和专业知识来考虑单个项目风险的方方面面,以及整体项目风险的各种来源。 咨询专家后得出进一步的工作方向,是典型的专家判断。


第758题 你审查了项目的WBS,意识到由于缺乏内部专业知识,一些可交付成果需要外包给供应商。然而,这些可交付成果的需求目前还没有被很好地理解。因此,你决定需要使用敏捷框架来管理外包的工作部分。在与供应商谈判协议时,你最好的方法是什么?
You review the WBS of your project and realize that due to the lack of in-house expertise, some of the deliverables will need to be outsourced to a vendor. However, the requirements for these deliverables are not well-understood at the moment. Therefore, you decide that the outsourced portion of work will need to be managed using an agile framework. What is your best approach in negotiating an agreement with the vendor?


A.寻求非正式协议而不是正式合同 Seek an informal agreement rather than a formal contract

B.为外包范围争取总价合同 Secure a fixed-price contract for the outsourced scope

C.积极谈判最有利的条件 Negotiate aggressively for the most advantageous terms

D.追求共享风险-回报合同关系 Pursue a shared-risk-reward contract relationships


参考答案:D


解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P8 章节:2.2 敏捷宣言 我们正在通过亲自开发和帮助他人开发,发现开发软件的更好方法。通过这项工作,我们开始更重视∶ · 个体以及互动而不是过程和工具 · 可用的软件而不是完整的文档 · 客户合作而不是合同谈判 · 应对变更而不是遵循计划 也就是说,尽管右项有其价值,但我们更重视左栏中的项目。


第759题 在某建设工程项目的地基开挖过程中,对于因气候原因造成的进度延后风险,项目经理采取了风险接受的策略。由于在施工期间下特大雨,工程不得不停工3天。项目经理应该怎么做?
During the foundation excavation of a construction project, the project manager adopts risk acceptance strategy for the delay risk caused by climate reasons. Due to the extremely heavy rain during the construction period, the project has to be suspended for 3 days. What should project manager do?


A.使用应急储备 To use emergency reserves

B.把项目工期延长3天 To extend the project duration by 3 days

C.要求保险公司赔偿 To make a claim to the insurer

D.与团队成员开会讨论处理方案 To meet and discuss with team members for handling solutions


参考答案:A


解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th   页码:P443 章节:11.5.2.4 接受风险接受是指承认威胁的存在,但不主动采取措施。接受策略又分为主动或被动方式。最常见的主动接受策略是建立应急储备。被动接受策略则不会主动采取行动。 最常见的主动接受策略是建立应急储备。


第760题 敏捷项目团队的成员都在一个开放的办公空间中工作。一天中有许多谈话同时发生。下列哪一项是项目经理的最佳选择?
The agile project team members are all working in an open office space arrangement. There are many conversations happening concurrently throughout the day. Which of the following is the best option for the project manager?


A.安排频繁的团队检查点并以透明的方式发布项目工件 Schedule frequent team checkpoints and post project artifacts in a transparent fashion

B.要求团队成员将谈话推迟到正式会议时间 Request team members to hold off their conversations until formal meeting times

C.记录对话并发布在共享知识库中 Record the conversations and post them in a shared repository

D.将下午指定为安静的工作时间 Designate afternoons as quiet work times


参考答案:A


解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P12 章节:2.3 精益和看板方法 敏捷、精益和看板方法共同的重点在于交付价值、尊重人、减少浪费、透明化、适应变更以及持续改善等方面。 敏捷团队使用信息发射源来确保工作的透明化。


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