“微信扫一扫”进入"可可试卷"微信小程序刷题

项目管理专业人士资格认证(PMP)题库(1459题)


第1221题 项目经理加入一个项目,但项目团队缺乏必要的技能来产生一个关键可交付成果。项目经理应该怎么做?
The project manager joins a project, but the project team lacks the necessary skills to create a key deliverable. What should the project manager do?


A.将该可交付成果分配给一名拥有学习新技能能力的团队成员 To assign the deliverables to a team member who is capable of learning new skills

B.与项目发起人协商,聘请拥有必要技能的外部资源 To negotiate with the project sponsor to hire external resources with the necessary skills

C.终止执行项目,直到必要的资源出现 To terminate the project execution until the necessary resources appear

D.将培训作为项目管理计划中项目工作的组成部分 To include training as part of the project works in the project management plan


参考答案:D


解析:PMBOK(6)P342- 9.4.2.6培训。技能的问题,都可以通过培训来解决。培训的时间与成本也要纳入项目管理计划。 其他选项:看到技能优先培训,ABC的优先级没有D高。


第1222题 在施工现场可被验收之前,正为一个关键项目活动寻求获得当地主管部门的批准,项目经理在为项目制定进度计划时应该做什么?
A key project activity is to seek approval from local authorities before a construction site can be accepted .What should the project manager do when scheduling the project?


A.避免将该活动放在关键路径上 Avoid putting the activity on the critical path.

B.执行确定和整合依赖关系 Perform dependency determination and integration.

C.获得专家判断 Obtain expert judgment.

D.在风险登记册中添加一个新风险 Add a new risk to the risk register.


参考答案:B


解析:PMBOK(6)P191-6.3.2.2确定和整合依赖关系。“当地主管部门的批准”属于外部依赖关系,外部依赖关系是项目活动与非项目活动之间的依赖关系,这些依赖关系往往不在项目团队的控制范围内。 选项A:要获得批准,即使不在关键路径上,浮动时间不足,同样会影响项目工期。 选项D:做为一个风险进行跟踪,但题干问的是“在制定进度计划时应该做什么”


第1223题 一个工厂扩建项目已接近完成50%,这时一群当地居民组成一个维权组织来抗议该项目。项目经理应该怎么做?
An factory expansion project is nearly 50 percent complete,when a group of local residents forms an activist group to protest it.What should the project manager do?


A.执行干系人分析,并相应调整干系人参与计划 Perform a stakeholder analysis,and adjust the stakeholder engagement plan accordingly

B.通知项目发起人,该维权组织体现了项目进度的一个风险 Inform the project sponsor that the activist group represents a risk to the project schedule

C.与该维权组织开会,将其需求添加到该项目中 Meet with the activist group to add its requirements to:the project

D.教育该维权组织,让其了解该项目将为社区带来的好处 Educate the activist group on the benefits that the project will bring to the community


参考答案:A


解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P530-13.4监督干系人参与。监督项目干系人关系,并通过修订参与策略和计划来引导干系人合理参与项目的过程。 选项B:管理干系人参与的过程中,如果暴露出来的问题有引发风险的可能,要将其视为风险进行管理,在A选项之后。 选项CD:是干系人参与计划中可能出现的方案。


第1224题 项目经理正在管理价值300万美元、涉及两个供应商的项目。项目经理为每名供应商创建了一份工作说明书(SOW)。下列哪一项需要SOW的信息?
The project manager is managing a $3 million project involving two vendors. The project manager created a Statement of Work (SOW) for each supplier. Which of the following requires SOW information?


A.风险管理计划 Risk management plan

B.合同 Contract

C.采购管理计划 Procurement management plan

D.供应商范围说明书 Supplier scope statement


参考答案:B


解析:PMBOK(6)P477-12.1.3.4采购工作说明书。工作说明书会充分详细地描述拟采购的产品、服务或成果,以便潜在卖方确定是否有能力提供此类产品、服务或成果。选项A:SOW不是制定风险管理计划的输入,但有可能是风险的来源。选项C:采购管理计划是实施采购的输入。选项D:供应商范围说明书与SOW重叠,但题干的问题是“哪一项需要SOW的信息”,所以合同是最需要SOW的。


第1225题 一家公司有一位经常延迟付款的长期客户,该公司现在与该客户有一个新项目。项目经理应该确保使用哪份文件来为该项目记录延迟付款的信息?
A company has a longstanding client who is often late with payment.The company now has a new project with this client. What document should the project manager use to ensure that payment delay information is documented for this project?


A.项目章程 Project charter

B.历史信息和经验教训加知识库 Historical information and lessons learned repository

C.假设日志 Assumption log

D.风险管理计划 Risk management plan


参考答案:C


解析:PMBOK(6)P81-4.1.3.2假设日志。假设日志用于记录整个项目生命周期中的所有假设条件和制约因素。之前经常延迟付款,我们需要把这个假设情况记录在假设日志。 选项A:由于假设日志比项目章程更有针对性,所以此题选C不选A。 选项B:不是用来记录现项目制约信息的。 选项D:进入到规划阶段以后,要将客户延迟付款的风险记入风险登记册而不是风险管理计划。


第1226题 一个具有多元文化的项目团队分布在不同的地理位置,这会带来挑战,因为密切沟通对团队的成功绩效非常关键,若要最大限度地减少团队的错误沟通,项目经理应该怎么做?
A multicultural project team is geographical distributed, This causes challenges, since close communication is key to the team、successful performance, what should the project manager do to minimize team miscommunication ?


A.安排每日虚拟会议 Schedule daily virtual conferences

B.制定并审查项目仪表板 Establish and review the project dashboards

C.发送每日项目状态报告 Send daily project status report

D.每天通过电子邮件与团队核对 Check in with the team daily via email


参考答案:A


解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P374-10.1.2.5沟通方法。项目团队对沟通频次的要求较高,所以采取交互式沟通较好,建议安排每日虚拟会议。 选项B:拉式沟通,无法确保信息者获取了信息。 选项CD:推式沟通,推式沟通的特点是无法确保信息接收者对信息的理解。


第1227题 项目经理正在执行一个涉及不同业务部门的全公司项目。在一次规划会议上,项目经理注意到每个部门的具体需求不能引起其他部门的兴趣,这影响到会议的质量。若要解决这个问题,项目经理应该怎么做?
A project manager is running a company-wide project involving different business units.During a planning session, the project manager notices that each unit's specific requirements are of no interest to other units, which affects the quality of the meeting. What should the project manager use to resolve specific this?


A.石川图和需求跟踪矩阵 ishikawa diagram and requirements traceability matrix

B.焦点小组会议和思维导图 Focus groups and mind mapping

C.引导和亲和图 Facilitation and affinity diagram

D.头脑风暴和需求跟踪矩阵 Brainstorming and requirements traceability matrix


参考答案:C


解析:PMBOK(6)P144-5.2.2.5数据表现-亲和图,用来对大量创意进行分组的技术,以便进一步审查和分析。PMBOK(6)P145-5.2.2.6人际关系与团队技能-引导。规划会议不能引起其他部门的兴趣 ,PM应该以什么办法来协调各不同部门间的需求?这个时候可以使用亲和图和引导技术,引导与研讨会结合,研讨会可用于快速定义跨职能需求并协调干系人的需求差异。 选项A:通常由于分析问题原因和记录需求。 选项BD:部门之间的观点已经出现了分歧,此时再使用头脑风暴更无法达成共识。


第1228题 项目团队收到了新的未经测试的指令,以完成发布活动,这导致了项目的重大延迟。在解决该问题之后,以及在经验教训活动期间,项目经理感知到多个团队成员之间的敌意。若要确保经验教训活动取得成功,项目经理应该怎么做?
A project team received new untested instructions to complete release activities, which resulted in significant project delays .After resolution of the issue, and during the lessons learned activities, the project manager senses hostility among multiple team members. What should the project manager do to ensure the lessons learned session is successful?


A.为所有参与者创建一个无偏见的环境 Create a nonjudgmental environment for all participants

B.与每个人单独交谈以获得他们的反馈 Speak separately with each individual to obtain their feedback

C.仅与资源经理一起起草经验教训活动 Work only with the resource manager to Draft the lessons learned session

D.将经验教训活动推迟到以后的日期 Postpones the lessons learned session to a later date


参考答案:A


解析:PMBOK(6)P100-4.4管理项目知识。 “经验教训活动”表示是在做知识管理期间,团队成员之间有敌意,需要激励团队分享知识,如果不激励成员分享知识或关注他人的知识,即便最好的知识管理工具和技术也无法发挥作用。 其他选项:B选项单独交谈不妥当,C选项,仅与资源经理起草也不妥当,D选项推迟也不妥当,无法解决这个问题。


第1229题 一个项目正处于在客户工厂的最终测试和验收阶段。若要满足项目期限,项目经理应使用哪一项?
A project is in the final testing and acceptance stages at a customer's factory.To meet the project deadline,What tool or technique should the project manager use?


A.观察/对话 Observation/conversation

B.集中办公 Co-location

C.强迫/指导 Force/direct

D.基本规则 Ground rules


参考答案:B


解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P340-9.4.2.1集中办公。集中办公是指把许多或全部最活跃的项目团队成员安排在同一个物理地点工作,以增强团队工作 能力。集中办公既可以是临时的(如仅在项目特别重要的时期),也可以贯穿整个项目。实施集中办公策略,可借助团队会议室、张贴进度计划的场所,以及其他能增进沟通和集体感的设施。 选项A:观察/对话常用于范围管理。 选项CD:情景突出的是要求团队具有高产出而非解决团队成员之间的摩擦,所以排除。


第1230题 —个项目的规模已经大到由指导委员会取代单一的项目发起人。项目经理应该怎么做来适应这种新发展?
A project has become to large that the single sponsor is replaced by a steering committee.What should the project manager do to accommodate the new development?


A.认识到干系人结构发生了变化,并量身定做与这个团队的沟通 Recognize that there is a change in stakeholders structure and tailor communications to this group

B.按照最初的计划继续工作,同时认识到该项目现在包括其他干系人 Continue to work according to the initial plan while recognizing that the project now includes additional stakeholders.

C.为团队组织一次与新的指导委员会一起召开的会议,继续进行项目工作 Organize a meeting for the team with the new steering committee and continue work on the project

D.与新的委员会分享当前的状态报告 Share the current status report with the new committee


参考答案:A


解析:PMBOK(6)P529,13.3.3.2-项目管理计划更新:沟通管理计划和干系人参与计划。需要更新沟通管理计划,以反映新的或已变更的干系人需求。需要更新干系人参与计划,以反映为有效引导干系人参与所需的新的或更改的管理策略。题目中“由指导委员会取代单一的项目发起人”,干系人发生了变化,根据变化来跟新干系人沟通。B:干系人已经发生了变化,不能再按照原来的计划进行管理。C:采取适合的方式与新干系人沟通,会议只是一种沟通方式。D:不符合题意。


第1231题 项目发起人已经提供了项目目标,项目经理正在努力去合理确定项目章程中应包含哪些内容。项目经理应该关注什么方面?
A project sponsor has provided project objectives; and the project manager is working to appropriately determine what should be included in the project charter. On what should the project manager focus?


A.高层级需求 High-level requirements

B.需求文件 Requirements documentation

C.需求跟踪矩阵 Requirements traceabbility matrix

D.项目范围说明书 Project scope statement


参考答案:A


解析:PMBOK(6)P81,4.1.3.1-项目章程。题干考察项目章程的定义,项目章程是由项目启动人或发起人发布的,正式批准项目成立,并授权项目经理使用组织资源开展项目活动的文件。它记录了关于项目和项目预期交付的产品、服务或成果的高层级信息,例如高层级需求、高层级项目描述、边界定义以及主要可交付成果等。


第1232题 项目经理得知,因为未得到足够的支持,一位团队成员无法满足指定的截止日期。原计划由另一个部门的职能经理直接管理的一位人员能支持该团队成员,但因其超负荷无法完成,组织内没有其他资源可用。项目经理应该怎么做?
A project manager learn member could not meet assigned deadline because adequate support was not receive An overloaded resource, who is directly managed by a functional manager in another department was scheduled to support this team member, but was unable,no other resources are available within the organization. What should the project manager do?


A.联系该超负荷人员的职能经理,并审查该资源日程计划 Engage with the overloaded resource’s functional manager,and review the resource scheduling plan

B.要求该团队成员与该超负荷人员联系,以解决该问题 Ask the team member to engage with the overloaded resource to resolve the problem

C.要求该超负荷人员的职能经理解决该问题 Ask the overloaded resource’s functional manager to resolve the issue

D.与团队开会,以解决该问题 Meet with the team to resolve the issue


参考答案:A


解析:PMBOK(6)P328-9.3获取资源。因为集体劳资协议、分包商人员使用、矩阵型项目环境、内外部报告关系或其他原因,项目管理团队可能不对资源选择有直接控制权。内部资源由职能经理或资源经理负责获取或分配。获取资源时遇到问题时,首先与职能经理协商。


第1233题 项目经理应使用什么工具来向客户证明最终产品需求满足业务需求?
What tool should the project manager use to demonstrate to the customer that the final product meets the business needs?


A.工作分解结构 Work breakdown structure

B.项目范围说明书 Project scope statement

C.需求跟踪矩阵 Requirements tractability matrix

D.项目管理计划 Project management plan


参考答案:C


解析:PMBOK(6)P148 5.2.3.2需求跟踪矩阵。 确定可交付成果有没有满足需求,需求跟踪矩阵就对了。 其他选项:AB都起不了跟踪需要的作用,D太大了。


第1234题 一个软件技术项目的项目经理在一个矩阵式组织中工作,并有虚拟团队。不幸的是,职能经理告知项目经理可能没有任何资源可用于测试软件。项目经理接下来应该做什么?A project manager for a software technology project works in a matrix ed organization with virtual teams. Unfortunately, the functional manager informs the project manager that there may not be any resources available to test the software. What should the project manager do next?


A.与职能经理接洽,讨论获取所需支持的细节。Engage with the functional manager to discuss details to obtain the required support.

B.向发起人请求一次电话会议,提交变更请求,允许开发团队进行测试。Request a teleconference meeting with the sponsor to submit a change request to allow the development team to conduct testing.

C.在周度项目会议上讨论测试需求,商议测试软件的最佳方式。Discuss testing requirements at the weekly project meeting to negotiate the best approach to test software.

D.向采购专员发送电子邮件,与专门从事软件测试的公司进行协商。Send an email to the procurement specialist to negotiate with a company that specializes in software testing.


参考答案:A


解析:选获取资源优先谈判。当项目经理被告知可能没有资源进行测试时,第一步应该是先和职能经理沟通,了解问题的具体情况,并尝试找到解决方案。


第1235题 一家金融公司正在使用混合型方法开发一种新的移动银行应用程序。尽管进行了多次设计迭代,但由于产品概念未开发到关键干系人满意的程度,项目被推迟了。关键的干系人现在已经开始参与所有的每日站会。项目经理已经注意到关键干系人的存在对团队的士气产生了负面影响,同时也影响了生产力。项目经理应该如何确保在不影响团队的情况下有效地解决干系人的问题?A financial company is developing a new mobile banking application using a hybrid approach. Despite multiple design iterations, the project was postponed due to the product concept not being developed to the satisfaction of key stakeholders. Key stakeholders have now started participating in all daily station meetings. The project manager has noticed that the presence of key stakeholders has a negative impact on team morale and also on productivity. How should a project manager ensure effective resolution of stakeholder issues without affecting the team?


A.与干系人举行会议,直接处理他们的关注事项Hold meetings with stakeholders to directly address their concerns

B.转向预测型设计和需求收集方法Shift towards predictive design and requirement collection methods

C.与团队单独谈话,以解决干系人的担忧Talk to the team individually to address stakeholder concerns

D.安排团队回顾会议并邀请干系人Arrange a team review meeting and invite stakeholders


参考答案:A


解析:在这种情况下,项目经理可以直接与干系人沟通,理解他们的需求和期望,并找到解决问题的方法,选A。


第1236题 项目经理正在管理一个具有大量工件的复杂项目。一些干系人在访问工件时遇到了问题。项目经理应该如何处理这种情况?A project manager is managing a complex project with a high number of artifacts. Some of the stakeholders are having issues accessing the artifacts. How should the project manager address this situation?


A.确保项目工件保持最新并与干系人共享。Ensure that the project artifacts are kept up-to-date and shared with the stakeholders.

B.邀请干系人参加每日站立会议,澄清有关项目的任何问题工件。Invite the stakeholders to the daily standup to clarify any questions about the project artifacts.

C.将干系人对项目工件的关注升级到项目管理办公室(PMO)进行解决。Escalate the stakeholders' project artifacts concerns to the project management office (PMO) for resolution.

D.向干系人发送一份敏捷报告,其中包括项目工件的列表。Send an agile report to the stakeholders, which includes the list of the project artifacts.


参考答案:A


解析:排除法,选项A最佳。选项B错误,每日站会不解决问题。选项C错误,项目经理应该首先尝试自己解决问题。选项D错误,在敏捷报告中提供工件列表并不能确保干系人能够访问它们。


第1237题 一个进度紧张的项目团队已经成功地通过定期的每日站会和加班(如需要)保持了一个进度绩效指数(SPI)。几个月后,项目经理注意到一些团队成员的绩效有所下降,但总体项目团队绩效仍比计划提前了几天。为了保持项目团队的绩效水平,项目经理首先应该做什么?A project team with tight schedules has successfully maintained a Schedule Performance Index (SPI) through regular daily station meetings and overtime (if needed). A few months later, the project manager noticed a decrease in the performance of some team members, but overall project team performance was still several days ahead of schedule. What should a project manager first do to maintain the performance level of the project team?


A.为团队成员发放基于绩效的奖金,为他们提供金钱奖励Distribute performance-based bonuses to team members and provide them with monetary rewards

B.经常提醒团队,项目必须在预算内按时交付Regularly remind the team that the project must be delivered on time within budget

C.邀请团队参加团队建设活动,以减轻他们的压力,同时加强团队合作Invite teams to participate in team building activities to reduce their stress and strengthen team collaboration

D.为团队成员提供常规指导和辅导,以识别任何令人产生消极的问题Provide regular guidance and coaching to team members to identify any negative issues


参考答案:D


解析:在项目管理中,管理团队成员的士气和动力同样重要。如果团队成员的绩效开始下降,项目经理应该主动发现可能的原因,并提供必要的支持。这可能包括提供技术或情感支持,或者提供可能有助于提高团队成员动力的资源,选D。 选项A、B和C可能会有所帮助,但并不能直接或长期解决团队成员动力下降的问题。


第1238题 少数开发人员在完成年度审查并获得年度奖金后提交了辞呈。项目经理无法及时找到所有开发人员的替代人员以满足项目的最后期限。项目经理应该做什么?A few developers submitted their resignations after completing the annual review and receiving the annual bonus. The project manager is unable to find replacements for all developers in a timely manner to meet the project deadline. What should a project manager do?


A.申请额外预算以招募更多开发人员Request additional budget to recruit more developers

B.降低招聘标准Reduce recruitment standards

C.在问题日志中记录问题Record issues in the issue log

D.分析影响并告知干系人Analyze the impact and inform stakeholders


参考答案:D


解析:题干关键词“无法及时找到所有开发人员的替代人员以满足项目的最后期限”,这时需要评估影响并告知干系人,以便制定出最佳的应对策略。ABC是之后可能采取的措施。


第1239题 项目经理正在努力创造一种产品,一旦通过严格的质量标准就可以投放市场。从历史上看,该公司已经使用了一种预测方法论,但是该公司正在探索敏捷方法学的实现。该公司要求项目经理解释使用敏捷过程所获得的价值。项目经理应该如何回应?A project manager is working to create a product that can be released to the market as soon as it passes rigorous quality standards. Historically, the company has used a predictive methodology, but the company is exploring the implementation of agile methodologies. The company asked the project manager to explain the value gained by using an agile process. How should the project manager respond?


A.在产品完全发布之前无法实现早期价值。Early value cannot be achieved until the product is fully released.

B.通过在初始阶段测试最重要的特性以修正偏差,可以获得早期价值。Early value can be gained by testing the most important features in the initial stages to fix deviations.

C.只有当测试版产品可以发布到市场上时,才能获得早期价值。Early value will be gained only if beta products can be released to the market.

D.只有加快将产品推向市场的速度才能获得早期价值。Early value will be gained only if the speed can be increased to release the product to the market.


参考答案:B


解析:在敏捷方法中,重点是增量和迭代开发,且尽早和有规律地向干系人交付有价值,而不必等到整个产品完成。且敏捷方法提倡持续反馈和必要时对产品进行调整,以确保产品满足干系人的需求和期望,B选项最佳。


第1240题 一个由四名团队成员组成的项目团队将在全公司范围内向一个国家的员工和承包商推出应用程序。为了在严格的时间范围内交付,需要与一家精通应用程序部署和变更管理的本地公司签订合同。项目经理应该做些什么来赋予当地公司权力?A project team consisting of four team members will launch applications to employees and contractors in a country across the company. In order to deliver within a strict time frame, it is necessary to sign a contract with a local company proficient in application deployment and change management. What should project managers do to empower local companies?


A.管理期望,并就承包商将在项目经理的监督下交付的要求达成一致。Manage expectations and agree on the requirements that the contractor will deliver under the supervision of the project manager.

B.通过对承包商进行微观管理,开始推出应用程序。Starting to launch applications through micro management of contractors.

C.设定期望值,并就承包商将提交的定期进度报告的要求达成一致。Set regular expectations and agree on the requirements for regular progress reports to be submitted by contractors.

D.在项目经理的监督下部署承包商人员。Deploy contractor personnel under the supervision of the project manager.


参考答案:C


解析:题干关键词“赋予当地公司权力”,选项A错误,在项目经理的监督下交付的要求一致,违背题意;选项C正确,由承包商提交定期进度报告,并就此双方达成一致,一方面给到了承包商一定的权力,另一方面两方能就此明确任务要求及交付标准。


进入题库练习及模拟考试