由\(\frac{{{S_3}}}{{{S_6}}} = \frac{1}{3}\),得\({S_6} = 3{S_3}\),设\({S_3} = m\),则\({S_6} = 3m\),
因为数列\(\left\{ {{a_n}} \right\}\)是等差数列,
所以\({S_3},{S_6} - {S_3},{S_9} - {S_6},{S_{12}} - {S_9}\),……,是以\(m\)为首项,\(m\)为公差的等差数列,
所以\({S_9} - {S_6} = 3m,{S_{12}} - {S_9} = 4m\),
所以\({S_9} = 6m\),\({S_{12}} = 10m\),
所以\(\frac{{{S_6}}}{{{S_{12}}}} = \frac{{3m}}{{10m}} = \frac{3}{{10}}\),
故选:A