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已知集合
若
参考答案:\(a<-3\)
若\(A\cup B=A\),则\(B\subseteq A\),所以\(B=\varnothing \)或\(B=\left \{ {2} \right \} \)或\(B=\left \{ {1} \right \} \)或\(B=\left \{ {1,2} \right \} \);
当\(B=\varnothing \)时,方程\({x}^{2}-2\left ( {a+1} \right )x+{a}^{2}-5=0\)无解,所以\(Δ=4\left ( {a+1} \right )^{2}-4\left ( {{a}^{2}-5} \right )<0\),
解得:\(a<-3\),
若\(B=\left \{ {2} \right \} \),则方程\({x}^{2}-2\left ( {a+1} \right )x+{a}^{2}-5=0\)有两个相等的实根\(2\),
所以\(\left \{ \begin{gathered} {2+2=2\left ( {a+1} \right )} \\ {2\times 2={a}^{2}-5} \end{gathered} \right .\)此时无解,
若\(B=\left \{ {1} \right \} \),则方程\({x}^{2}-2\left ( {a+1} \right )x+{a}^{2}-5=0\)有两个相等的实根\(1\),
所以\(\left \{ \begin{gathered} {1+1=2\left ( {a+1} \right )} \\ {1\times 1={a}^{2}-5} \end{gathered} \right .\)此时无解,
若\(B=\left \{ {1,2} \right \} \),则方程\({x}^{2}-2\left ( {a+1} \right )x+{a}^{2}-5=0\)有两个不相等的实根\(1,2\)
所以\(\left \{ \begin{gathered} {1+2=2\left ( {a+1} \right )} \\ {1\times 2={a}^{2}-5} \end{gathered} \right .\)此时无解,
综上所述:实数\(a\)的取值范围为\(a<-3\).